Hochgeladen von 123muster

Dialog-in-Philosophischer-Praxis

Werbung
7KRPDV*XWNQHFKW
DIALOG IN PHILOSOPHISCHER PRAXIS
,$QGHUH /lQGHU ± DQGHUH 6LWWHQ$QGHUH /HEHQVIRUPHQ DQGHUH .XOWXUHQ DQGHUH %HJULIIH
'DVNOLQJWWULYLDO'RFKZLUYHUJHVVHQHVVROHLFKW=XP%HLVSLHOEHLPYLHOEHVFKZRUHQHQÄ'LDORJGHU.XOWXUHQ³'RFKEHYRUHLQ'LDORJGHU.XOWXUHQVLQQYROOJHIKUWZHUGHQNDQQLVWHV
VLFKORKQHQG]XHUVWHLQPDOEHUÄ.XOWXUHQGHV'LDORJV³QDFK]XGHQNHQ:LHVWHKWHVXPGDV
'LDORJYHUVWlQGQLV GHU %HWHLOLJWHQ" :DV EHGHXWHW 'LDORJ MHZHLOV LQQHUKDOE HLQHU EHVWLPPWHQ
.XOWXURGHU/HEHQVIRUP":LHLVWHLQEHVWLPPWHV'LDORJYHUVWlQGQLVHLQJHEHWWHW"(LQH6LWXLHUXQJXQG.RQWH[WXDOLVLHUXQJGHV'LDORJVPVVWHDOOHQLQWHUNXOWXUHOOHQ'LDORJHQYRUDXVJHKHQ
:DVNDQQRGHUVROOGHU'LDORJHUEULQJHQ",VWHUJHHLJQHW(LQPWLJNHLWXQG)ULHGHQ]XVWLIWHQ"
6ROOHU0LWWHOGHU:DKUKHLWV¿QGXQJVHLQ"(U|IIQHWHUHLQHQ%H]LHKXQJVUDXPXQWHU(EHQEUWLJHQ"(UVFKHLQWLQLKP±GLH+DXSWVDFKH±GDV'LDORJLVFKH"
0LW5HFKWQlPOLFKZLUGEH]ZHLIHOWGDVVPDQ'LDORJHJOHLFKVDPDOVHLQQHXWUDOH0HGLHQYHUVWHKHQGDUI(VJLEW'LDORJHGLHKHOIHQ*HOWXQJVDQVSUFKH]XYHUPLWWHOQ(VJLEWORJRVJHOHLWHWH
'LDORJHGLH]%HULVWLVFKHQDJRQDOHQGLGDNWLVFKHQRGHUV\QHUJLVWLVFKHQ&KDUDNWHUKDEHQ(V
EHVWHKWHLQ,QWHUHVVHGHU9HUQXQIWDP'LDORJ'DQQLVWGHU'LDORJGLH(QWIDOWXQJGHV/RJRV
'RFKGDUIPDQDXFKGLH9HUQXQIWYRP'LDORJJHVFKHKHQKHUYHUVWHKHQ'LHMHQLJHQ3HUVRQHQ
GLHLQ%H]LHKXQJVWHKHQWHLOHQHLQ,QWHUHVVHXQGVRUHDOLVLHUWGHU'LDORJSULPlUGLH=XZHQGXQJ
GHU3HUVRQHQVRIHUQVLHHLQDQGHUMH]XVLFKVHOEHUEULQJHQ$XFKVFKRQLQQHUKDOEGHVNXOWXUHOOHQ:HVWHQV EHVWHKHQ YHUVFKLHGHQH Ä.XOWXUHQ³ GHV 'LDORJV 6R YHUOlXIW HLQ 'LDORJ LQ GHU
6SUDFKZHOWGHU3V\FKRORJLHDQGHUVDOVLQGHU3KLORVRSKLHXQGZLHGHUDQGHUVYHUKlOWHVVLFKLP
$OOWDJVOHEHQ)RUPXQG=LHOVHW]XQJ9ROO]XJXQG)XQNWLRQN|QQHQNODUXQWHUVFKLHGHQZHUGHQ
8QGQLFKWQXU3HUVRQHQVSUHFKHQXQVDQDXFK(UHLJQLVVHÄVSUHFKHQ³XQGDXFKVLHYHUODQJHQ
XQVHUHÄ$QWZRUW³DSSHOOLHUHQDQXQVHUH9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLW
.XU]XPGDV7KHPDÄ'LDORJ³|IIQHWHLQZHLWHV)HOG:LUZROOHQXQVDQIlQJOLFKDQGLH6SUDFKH Q KDOWHQXQGXQV]XQlFKVWEHJULIÀLFKHXQGVDFKOLFKH'LIIHUHQ]HQYHUJHJHQZlUWLJHQ)U
XQVHUH9HUVWlQGLJXQJGLHDXFKDXIGLHhEHUVHW]XQJVNXQVWYRP'HXWVFKHQLQV,WDOLHQLVFKHDQJHZLHVHQ LVW LVW HV MHGHQIDOOV YRQ JUR‰HU7UDJZHLWH XQG %HGHXWXQJ GDVV LP 'HXWVFKHQ GDV
:RUWÄ'LDORJ³HLQHHQJHUHXQGVSH]L¿VFKHUH%HGHXWXQJKDWDOVLP,WDOLHQLVFKHQ$QGHUHUVHLWV
XQWHUVFKHLGHWPDQLP'HXWVFKHQ]ZLVFKHQ'LDORJXQG*HVSUlFKYRQ7HUPLQLZLH8QWHUUHGXQJ%HUDWXQJRGHU'LVNXUVHLQPDOJDQ]DEJHVHKHQ%HL(LQ]HOJHVSUlFKHQRGHUDXFK*UXSSHQJHVSUlFKHQLQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LVVSULFKWPDQJHZ|KQOLFKDEHUJHUDGHQLFKWYRQDialogen
197
S pazio aperto
,,2EZRKOLFKZHLOHVQDKHOLHJWZRKOXQWHUVWHOOHQGDUIGDVVYRQPLUHUZDUWHWZLUGDXI
JHQDXGLHVH$UWYRQ*HVSUlFKHQQlKHUHLQ]XJHKHQP|FKWHLFKGLH&KDQFHQXW]HQGLHGLH
Weite des Worts dialogoLP,WDOLHQLVFKHQDXIWXW6RNDQQLFKGLHYLHOXPIDVVHQGHUH5ROOHGHU
3KLORVRSKLVFKHQ3UD[LVLPLQQHUSKLORVRSKLVFKHQ'LVNXUVLKUH7KHRULHSHUVSHNWLYHHEHQVR
LQV6SLHOEULQJHQZLHLKUH%HGHXWVDPNHLWLQGHU*HVHOOVFKDIWLP|IIHQWOLFKHQ5DXPJOHLFKVDPLKUH3UlVHQ]DXIGHU$JRUD
5HÀH[LYLWlW XQG 6SUDFKEHZXVVWVHLQ KLVWRULVFKH ,QIRUPLHUWKHLW XQG LGHRORJLHNULWLVFKH
hEXQJDQDO\WLVFKHXQGKHUPHQHXWLVFKH.RPSHWHQ]HQXQGYRUDOOHPGDV,QWHUHVVHDQGHU
)UHLKHLW SODW]LHUHQ 3KLORVRSKLVFKH 3UD[LV VR GDVV LKU HLQH EHVRQGHUH 9HUDQWZRUWXQJ ]XZlFKVWRGHUVFKRQ]XJHZDFKVHQLVWGLHEHUGLH9HUSÀLFKWXQJGHUDNDGHPLVFKHQ3KLORVRSKLHKLQDXVJHKW$OV$JHQWXUGHU)UHLKHLWEHJOHLWHWVLHNULWLVFK3ROLWLNHQgNRQRPLHQXVZ
DXFKXQJHIUDJW6LHNDQQLP'LDORJYRQ:LUWVFKDIWXQG.XQVWYRQ:LVVHQVFKDIWXQG.LUFKH
RGHUYRQ3ROLWLNXQG.XOWXU XPQXUHLQSDDU%HLVSLHOH]XQHQQHQ DOV0RGHUDWRULQXQG9HUPLWWOHULQhEHUVHW]HULQXQG3UR]HVVEHJOHLWHULQEHLVWHKHQ'LDORJHEHJOHLWHQXQGYHUPLWWHOQG
GLHQHQ'HQQ3KLORVRSKLVFKH3UD[LVLVWEHUDOOGRUWZRSKLORVRSKLHUWZLUGXQGVROOWHEHUDOO
GRUWZLUNHQZR3KLORVRSKLHQ|WLJLVW6HOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFKDXFKLP)HOGGHUSHUV|QOLFKHQ/HEHQVIKUXQJVHLHVELOGHQGRULHQWLHUHQGRGHULQDQGHUHU)RUP
$
'RFK]XUFN]XP:RUWDialog'LDORJYHUZHQGHWPDQLP'HXWVFKHQHKHUÄWHFKQLVFK³XQG
GD]XHUVWHLQPDODOV%H]HLFKQXQJIUHLQHliterarische Gattung6RVDJHQZLU]XP%HLVSLHO
GDVV3ODWRQKHUYRUUDJHQGH'LDORJHJHVFKULHEHQKDEH2GHUGDVVGLH'DUVWHOOXQJGHU3KLORVRSKLHLQ'LDORJIRUP±QHEHQDQGHUHQP|JOLFKHQ)RUPHQGHV$XVGUXFNVYRQ*HGDQNHQZLH
]%7UDNWDW(VVD\$SKRULVPXV3DUDGR[LHXVZ±DPDOOHUEHVWHQ]XP9ROO]XJGHVSKLORVRSKLVFKHQ*HVFKlIWVMDZRP|JOLFKEHUKDXSW]XU6DFKHGHU3KLORVRSKLHSDVVH$XVVROFKHP
9HUVWlQGQLVN|QQWHDXFKdie Geschichte der Philosophie im Ganzen als ein fortdauernder
Dialog EHJULIIHQ ZHUGHQ ± ZlUH GD QLFKW GDV HLQJDQJV JHlX‰HUWH %HGHQNHQ QlPOLFK GLH
'LYHUVLWlWYRQ'LDORJYHUVWlQGQLVVHQXQGLKU(LQJHEHWWHWVHLQLQ/HEHQVIRUPHQ'HQQVLFKHUOLFKKDEHQ'LDORJH DXFK%ULHIH7DJHEFKHU(UPDKQXQJHQDQVLFKVHOEVWXVZ GRUWHLQHQ
VSH]L¿VFKHQZRP|JOLFKDXVJH]HLFKQHWHQ2UWZRGLH3KLORVRSKLHJDQ]XQPLWWHOEDUDXIGHQ
0HQVFKHQXQGVHLQH/HEHQVDUWEH]RJHQLVWXQGZLHHV3LHUUH+DGRWHLQGUXFNVYROOVFKLOGHUW
LP*DQ]HQDXIGHQÄELRV³KLQXQG]XJOHLFKDXFKH[SOL]LWDOVÄSKLORVRSKLVFKH/HEHQVIRUP³
]X GHQNHQ LVW 'HQQ LP 9HUJOHLFK KLHU]X KDW VLFK PLW GHP (LQEUXFK GHV &KULVWHQWXPV LQ
GLH $QWLNH GLH 6LWXDWLRQ JUXQGVlW]OLFK YHUlQGHUW 1HEHQ GHU NXOWXUSUlJHQGHQ *HZLVVKHLW
GHU*ODXEHQVPDFKWVSLHOWGLH3KLORVRSKLHMHW]WHLQHDQGHUH5ROOH'LHNLUFKOLFKH6HHOVRUJH
'DVJLOW]XPLQGHVWIUGLHDQGHU/HEHQVIRUPGHU0HQVFKHQSULPlULQWHUHVVLHUWHJULHFKLVFKH3KLORVRSKLH'D]X+HLQULFK5RPEDFK'LH*HJHQZDUWGHU3KLORVRSKLH)UHLEXUJ2WIULHG+|IIHKDW
YRUJHVFKODJHQDQDORJ]XGHQYLHU.DUGLQDOWXJHQGHQYRQYLHU.DUGLQDOVSUDFKHQGHU3KLORVRSKLH]X
VSUHFKHQ 3DUDGR[LHQ'LDORJH$EKDQGOXQJHQ$SKRULVPHQ 0LW5HFKWVWHOOWHUYRUDXVJHKHQGIHVW
Ä'LH6SUDFKHGHV3KLORVRSKLHUHQVLVWPLWGHU$UWGHV'HQNHQVVRHQJYHUZREHQGDVVEHLGH'HQNHQ
XQGVSUDFKOLFKH9HUIDVVWKHLWHLQHXQWUHQQEDUH(LQKHLWELOGHQ³ 2WIULHG+|IIH/HVKRPPHVVRQWVL
QHFpVVDLUHPHQWIRXV$EVFKLHGVYRUOHVXQJ-XOLKWWSWLPPVXQLWXHELQJHQGH3OD\HU3OD\HU)ORZ87BBBKRHIIHB"VWDUWWLPH 198
Dialog in philosophischer Praxis
S 7KRPDV*XWNQHFKW
XQGGDVPRQDVWLVFKH/HEHQZHLVHQGHU3KLORVRSKLHDQGHUH$XIJDEHQ]XGLHGHUHQ9HUIDVVXQJ]ZDQJVOlX¿JYHUlQGHUW9HUNU]WJHVDJWZHQGHWGDV0LWWHODOWHUGHQDialog zum Disput
E]Z ]XU Diskussion XQG GHU$XVWDXVFK GHU *HLVWHU ZLUG ]XP 6DFK XQG 0HLQXQJVVWUHLW
GHUQLFKWPHKUGHU6HOEVWHUKHOOXQJGLHQWVRQGHUQHLQHUYHUELQGOLFKHQREMHNWLYHQ:DKUKHLW
GLH(KUHJHEHQVROO9ROOHQGVDEHUYHUOLHUWGDV3KLORVRSKLHUHQGLH%H]LHKXQJ]XP'LDORJLQ
GHU1HX]HLWHWZDLP5DWLRQDOLVPXVPLWVHLQHUzwingenden Argumentation und dem rein in
VLFKVHOEVWEOHLEHQGHQPHWKRGLVFKHQ'HQNHQGHUQHXHQ:LVVHQVFKDIW$P(QGHVWHOOWVLFK
GDQQGLH)UDJHREHVEHLVROFKHU9HUVFKLHGHQKHLWGHV3KLORVRSKLHUHQVEHUKDXSWHLQ8QLYHUVDOYHUKlOWQLVJHEHQNDQQVRGDVVYRQHLQHUSKLORVRSKLDSHUHQQLVHLQHULPPHUZlKUHQGHQ
3KLORVRSKLHQRFKJHVSURFKHQZHUGHQNDQQ.RQNUHWHUQRFKN|QQHQXQGGUIHQ.DQWXQG
$ULVWRWHOHVVRLQHLQHQ'LDORJJHEUDFKWZHUGHQGDVVPDQDXIGHU(EHQHGHV$XVJHVDJWHQ
EOHLEW"6FKDIIHQZLUQDFKZLHGHUKROWHQ7UDGLWLRQVEUFKHQHLQ%UFNHQEDXYRP+HXWHDXV
KLQ]XUJULHFKLVFKU|PLVFKHQ*HLVWHVZHOW":HOFKHUKHUPHQHXWLVFKH.UDIWDNWLVWGDQ|WLJ"
(LQH'LVNXVVLRQDXIGHU%DVLVGHUJHPHLQVDPHQ*ODXEHQVJUXQGODJHZLHVLHLP0LWWHODOWHUVHOEVWQRFKZLH7KRPDVYRQ$TXLQLQVHLQHUsumma contra gentilesDXIGHU%DVLVGHV
9HUQXQIWJODXEHQV]HLJW±P|JOLFKZDULVWMDQLFKW]XYHUJOHLFKHQPLWGHP'LDORJJHVFKHKHQ
DQGHPXQV3ODWRQPLWVHLQHUNXQVWYROOHQ*HVWDOWXQJWHLOKDEHQOlVVW'RFKYHUVWHKHQZLUGHQ
'LDORJVRRKQH:HLWHUHVXQGDQJHPHVVHQ":LHGHUDQGHUVLVWGDV3KLORVRSKLHUHQDQJHOHJW
DOVGHVVHQ$KQKHUUHQ'HVFDUWHVXQG6SLQR]DRGHU/HLEQL]JHOWHQ(LQHJDQ]QHXH)RUPGHU
6XEMHNWLYLWlWLVWMHW]WGLH+DXSWXUVDFKHIUGLH8QWHUVFKLHGH]ZLVFKHQGHUQHX]HLWOLFKHQXQG
GHUDQWLNHQ3KLORVRSKLH'DVDOOHVNDQQLFKKLHUQXUDQGHXWHQ'LH$XIJDEHDEHULVWHLQGHXWLJDXFKGDJHKWHVJOHLFKVDPXPÄ.XOWXUHQ³8PVLHLQHLQHQ'LDORJ]XEULQJHQPXVVLKUH
(LJHQDUWYHUVWDQGHQZHUGHQXQGEUDXFKWHVHLQXQLYHUVHOOHV'LDORJYHUVWlQGQLV$EHUJLEWHV
GDV"
$XFKIUGLH)UDJHQDFKGHP'LDORJin3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LVVLQGGLHVNHLQHXQHUKHEOLFKHQhEHUOHJXQJHQVRZHLWHVXPphilosophische*HVSUlFKHJHKW'DQQVWHKWMDDXFKGDV
9HUVWlQGQLVYRQ3KLORVRSKLHDXIGHP6SLHOE]ZNRPPWVLHDXIEHVWLPPWHZHLVHLQV6SLHO
'HQQLQGHU7DWKDWMDGDV*HVSUlFKGDVEHLVSLHOVZHLVHLQOLWHUDULVFKHQ'LDORJHQXQGDQGHUHQ7H[WVRUWHQGLHVHU=HLW %ULHIHHWF VHLQH6SLHJHOXQJ¿QGHWLQGHU3KLORVRSKLVFKHQ3UD[LV
VHLQHQÄQDWUOLFKHQ³2UWZlKUHQGGDV9HUIDVVHQYRQ7UDNWDWHQRGHUGLHSKlQRPHQRORJLVFKH
$QDO\VHHKHUDP6FKUHLEWLVFKRGHULP6HPLQDUJHOHLVWHWZLUGXQGHUVWWUDQVIRUPLHUWZHUGHQ
PXVV ZHQQ HV XP GHQ SKLORVRSKLVFKHQ (LQVDW] LP *HVSUlFK JHKW ,Q GHU JHJHQZlUWLJHQ
3KLORVRSKLHIRUP DNDGHPLVFKXQLYHUVLWlU VLQGZLUSURIHVVLRQHOOHQ3KLORVRSKHQDEHUÄVR]LDOLVLHUW³(VZlUHQXQHLQIDWDOHU.XU]VFKOXVV]XPHLQHQPDQN|QQHLQXQYHUPLWWHOWHU:HLVH
DOV(SLNXUlHU6WRLNHU6NHSWLNHURGHU3ODWRQLNHULQHLQHUZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKWHFKQLVFKHQ:HOW
XQGPRGHUQHQ*HVHOOVFKDIWDXIWUHWHQ$XFKZHQQHV]XHLQHU5HKDELOLWDWLRQGHUSUDNWLVFKHQ
3KLORVRSKLHJHNRPPHQLVWXQGDXFKZHQQ]%GHV$ULVWRWHOHV7XJHQGOHKUHDQ$WWUDNWLYLWlW
JHZRQQHQKDWLVWPDQQLFKWVFKRQHLQJXWHU3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UDNWLNHUZHLOPDQVLFKIU
GLH6FK|QKHLWSODWRQLVFKHU'LDORJHGLH.UDIWGHUDULVWRWHOLVFKHQ7XJHQGOHKUHGHQ$GHOGHU
+XPDQLWDVEHL&LFHURGLH6LWWOLFKNHLWHLQHV0DUF$XUHOEHJHLVWHUW:LHVFKZHUHVLVWPLW
GHQ$OWHQZLUNOLFKLQV*HVSUlFK]XNRPPHQ±XQGZLHULVNDQWNDQQPDQEHL+HLGHJJHU
VWXGLHUHQ +DQQDK$UHQGW KDW EHNDQQWOLFK OLHEHU 3ROLWLVFKH7KHRULH EHWULHEHQ DOV VLFK XP
SKLORVRSKLVFKH3RVLWLRQHQ]XNPPHUQ:DVLFKPLWVROFKHQ$QGHXWXQJHQVDJHQZLOOLVW
GDVVHLQH3KLORVRSKLVFKH3UDNWLNHULQXQGHLQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UDNWLNHUZLVVHQPVVHQZR
199
S pazio aperto
LKUJHJHQZlUWLJHU2UWLQGHU3KLORVRSKLHLVW(LQHQ.XUVXVÄ6HQHFDIU*HVWUHVVWH³EHLGHP
PDQVLFK]XVDPPHQPLW.OLHQWHQDQGHQ%ULHIHQDQ/XFLOLXVHUJ|W]WKDWZHQLJPLWXQVHUHP
%HUXI]XWXQ+LQJHJHQLVWHLQH7UDQVIRUPDWLRQGHU3KLORVRSKLHDXIGHU+|KHLKUHUHLJHQHQ
*HVFKLFKWHGHUJHVWDOWGDVVGHU%H]XJ]X)UDJHQGHU/HEHQVDUWZLHGHU]XUFN]XJHZRQQHQ
ZLUGVFKRQHKHULKUH]XQlFKVWLQQHUSKLORVRSKLVFKHXQGUHÀH[LRQVEHGUIWLJH+HUDXVIRUGHUXQJXQG%HZlKUXQJVSUREH0LWDQGHUHQ:RUWHQ(LQHGHUZLFKWLJVWHQLQQHUSKLORVRSKLVFKHQ
$XIJDEHQLQQHUKDOEGHU7KHRULHDUEHLWLQXQGIU3KLORVRSKLVFKH3UD[LVLVWHV3KLORVRSKLHDXI
GHU+|KHYRQ+XVVHUOXQG:LWWJHQVWHLQQDFK.DQWXQG+HJHOPLW1LHW]VFKHXQG+HLGHJJHUHUQHXWDXIGLH/HEHQVIRUPHQXQG/HEHQVIKUXQJ]XEH]LHKHQ=XPLQGHVWEHVVHUDOVGLH
ÄUHLQH3KLORVRSKLH³GHU6FKXOHVROOWHQ3UDNWLNHULQQHQXQG3UDNWLNHUGDUDXIYRUEHUHLWHWVHLQ
XQGLP,QWHUHVVHLKUHU*lVWHLKU%HVWHVJHEHQ:LUPVVHQGDUDQGHQNHQGDVVGLHJUR‰HQ
(SRFKHQ$QWLNHFKULVWOLFKPLWWHODOWHUOLFKH3KLORVRSKLHXQG6\VWHPSKLORVRSKLHPLWVDPWGHV
DNWXHOOHQGDUDXIEH]RJHQHQNULWLVFKHQ'HQNHQVGHQ0HQVFKHQPLWVHLQHQ/HEHQVIUDJHQVHKU
XQWHUVFKLHGOLFK HLQEH]LHKHQ *HJHQZDUW GHU 3KLORVRSKLH EUDXFKW GDV (LQJHGHQNVHLQ LKUHU
9HURUWXQJHQLKUHUMHZHLOLJHQ6WHOOXQJLP*HLVWHVOHEHQXQGGHUMHZHLOLJHQ=HLW3KLORVRSKLVFKH3UD[LVEUDXFKWJHUDGHZHLOVLHGDV+HXWHXQGGLH/HEHQVODJHQGHU=HLWJHQRVVHQVRHUQVW
QLPPWHLQLPPHQVHVKLVWRULVFKHV%HZXVVWVHLQ
%
=ZHLWHQVYHUZHQGHWPDQLP'HXWVFKHQGDV:RUW'LDORJZHQQHVEHLVSLHOVZHLVHXPLQVWLWXWLRQHOODUUDQJLHUWH=XVDPPHQNQIWHPLWGHU$EVLFKWJHKWVLFKEHVVHUNHQQHQ]XOHUQHQ
XQG]XYHUVWlQGLJHQ%HLVROFKHQ'LDORJHQJHKWHVQLFKWMHGHQIDOOVYRQYRUQKHUHLQXPGLH
'XUFKVHW]XQJ YRQ ,QWHUHVVHQ RGHU XP 6HOEVWEHKDXSWXQJ 6R NDQQ DXFK YRQ HUJHEQLVRIIHQHQ'LDORJHQGLH5HGHVHLQRGHUYRQJHJHQVHLWLJHP/HUQHQ,QHLQHPVROFKHQ)DOOLVWGDV
:RUW'LDORJDXVJHVSURFKHQSRVLWLYNRQQRWLHUW'LDORJLVWLP'HXWVFKHQJHUDGH]X]XHLQHP
=DXEHUZRUWZRKOPHLQHQGHUXQGIULHGOLHEHQGHU=HLWJHQRVVHQJHZRUGHQ'HU'LDORJZLUGDOOHQWKDOEHQDQHPSIRKOHQXQGJHSÀHJWZRPDQVLFKDXI$XJHQK|KHXQGJHZDOWIUHLEHJHJQHQ
ZLOO$OOHUGLQJVEOHLEWHULQGLHVHP6LQQHEHQHLQJHVFKUlQNWDXI=XVDPPHQKlQJHZLHÄ'LDORJGHU5HOLJLRQHQ³Ä'LDORJGHU.LUFKHPLWGHU VlNXODUHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW³RGHUÄGHU0RGHUQH³9LHOHURUWVZHUGHQ'LDORJSUR]HVVHLQLWLLHUWHWZDLQQHUKDOEGHU.LUFKHQRGHUDEHUDXFK
DOV%UJHUEHWHLOLJXQJDQSROLWLVFKHQ3URMHNWHQhEHUDOOZHUGHQÄ5XQGH7LVFKH³DXIJHVWHOOW
XQG 'LDORJUXQGHQ HLQJHULFKWHW Dialog heißt dabei: seine Interessen kommunizieren, Verständnis einwerben, unter Umständen verstehen lernen, weshalb man sich nicht einig wird
XQGZHVKDOEHVVRVFKZLHULJLVW]XHLQHP.RPSURPLVV]X¿QGHQ,P'LDORJZHUGHQ.ULWHULHQ
]XU%HZHUWXQJYRQ,QWHUHVVHQYRUJHVWHOOW'DV(LQDQGHU.HQQHQOHUQHQLVWGDV+DXSW]LHOHLQ
ZHLWHUHV0LWHLQDQGHUEHUGHQ3UR]HVVGHV0LWHLQDQGHUUHGHQVLP'LDORJJHVFKHKHQKLQDXV
EUDXFKWQLFKWVWDWW]X¿QGHQ'LDORJLVWKLHUDOVHLQZHFKVHOVHLWLJHUhEHUVHW]XQJVSUR]HVVJHGDFKW'DV3ULQ]LSLVWGLH.RH[LVWHQ]LQ3OXUDOLWlWDXIGHU%DVLVYRQ'LDORJL]LWlW
'RFK VROFKH 'LDORJH YHUHLQHQ DP (QGH QLFKW VRQGHUQ EHIHVWLJHQ JHUDGH]X GHQ $Estand und die Fronten durch wechselseitige (durchaus legitime und positiv gemeinte) SelbVWUHFKWIHUWLJXQJHQ,PPHUKLQ]LHOHQVLHMDDXI5HVSHNWXQG7ROHUDQ]EHMDKHQGLH3OXUDOLWlW
XQG'LYHUVLWlWGHUEHWHLOLJWHQ3HUVRQHQ0DQGDUIHUZDUWHQGDVVGDV0LVVYHUVWHKHQDEJHEDXW
XQGHLQHHYHQWXHOOH)HLQGVHOLJNHLWEHUZXQGHQZLUG8QGGDVLVWQLFKWQLFKWV.RPPXQL-
200
Dialog in philosophischer Praxis
S 7KRPDV*XWNQHFKW
NDWLRQ LP HLJHQWOLFKVWHQ 6LQQ LVW GLHV DEHU QLFKW XQG ZLUG VRPLW QLFKW NRQVWLWXWLY IU GLH
%LOGXQJYRQ*HPHLQVFKDIWHQ
=ZLVFKHQ VROFKHQ ]XP 7HLO KRFKRI¿]LHOOHQ 'LDORJHQ XQG HLQIDFKHQ 8QWHUUHGXQJHQ LQ
IUHXQGVFKDIWOLFKHQXQGDOOWlJOLFKHQ*HVSUlFKHQVLQGYLHOHUOHL'LVNXUVIRUPHQXQGVSUDFKOLFKH,QWHUDNWLRQHQDQJHVLHGHOW,FKHUZlKQHGLHDisputationGLHDebatteGLHDiskussionGHQ
Meinungsaustausch und den Meinungsstreit GHQ Disput DEHU DXFK GLH Konversation und
8QWHUKDOWXQJGHQ3ODXVFKGDVJDQ]RIIHQH*HVSUlFKGDVVLFKEHL7LVFKRGHUDQGHUHQ*HOHJHQKHLWHQZLH]XIlOOLJHQWZLFNHOQNDQQ YRQ6PDOO7DONXQG3ODXGHUHLYRP*HUHGHXQG
*HVFKZlW]HLQPDOJDQ]DEJHVHKHQ :LHDXFKLPPHUGDUEHUQXQDXVIKUOLFK]XVSUHFKHQ
ZUGHGDV7KHPDYHUIHKOHQ]XGHP]XVSUHFKHQLFKHLQJHODGHQELQZHQQGLHhEHUVFKULIW
ODXWHWÄ,OGLDORJRQHOODSUDWLFD¿ORVR¿FD³
,,,'LH6WLFKZRUWHDXIGLHHVDQNRPPWVLQG]ZHLIHOORVÄGLDORJR³XQGÄSUDWLFD¿ORVR¿D³
ZREHLSUDWLFD¿ORVR¿DIUHLQ:RUW %HJULII ]XJHOWHQKDW:HQQHVEOR‰DXIGLH9HUELQGXQJ
YRQÄGLDORJR³XQGÄSUDWLFD¿ORVR¿D³DQNRPPHQKlWWHVROOHQXQGLFKHLQHQ9RUWUDJVWLWHOKlWWH
VHOEVWHU¿QGHQGUIHQGDQQKlWWHLFKJHZlKOWÄ3KLORVRSKLVFKH3UD[LVist'LDORJ³RGHUÄ'LDlog ist3UD[LVGHU3KLORVRSKLH³
-HW]WDEHUKHL‰WGLH$XIJDEHÄ 'HU 'LDORJin3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LV³6LFKHUOLFKLVWGDPLWJHPHLQW,QZHOFKHU$UWXQG:HLVHIKUWPDQHLQ*HVSUlFKDOV3KLORVRSKXQG3KLORVRSKLQ
PLWGHP3UD[LV*DVW"8QWHUVFKHLGHWVLFKHLQVROFKHV*HVSUlFKYRQDQGHUHQ*HVSUlFKVDQOlVVHQEHLVSLHOVZHLVHYRQ%HUDWXQJVJHVSUlFKHQLQNDWHJRULDOHU%HUDWXQJ mit einem Kunden
RGHU YRQ HLQHU7KHUDSLHVWXQGH PLW HLQHP 3DWLHQWHQ" 8QG HWZDV WHFKQLVFKHU JHIUDJW:DV
DOOHV LVW ]X EHDFKWHQ ZHQQ LQ 3KLORVRSKLVFKHU 3UD[LV *HVSUlFKH JHIKUW ZHUGHQ":HOFKH
KlX¿JHUDXIWUHWHQGHQ6FKZLHULJNHLWHQJLEWHVGD":RUDXINRPPWHVOHW]WOLFKDQ"*LEWHVGD
$QOHLWXQJHQ HWZD EHZlKUWH XQG DQJHPHVVHQH 0HWKRGHQ GHU *HVSUlFKVIKUXQJ" :RUDXI
NRPPWHVEHUKDXSWLQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LVEHL*HVSUlFKHQDQ"*LEWHVGD+LQZHLVHDXV
GHP UHFKWHQ" 9HUVWlQGQLVYRQ3KLORVRSKLH"
,FKVDJWHVFKRQGDVVEHLGLHVHP6HWWLQJRGHU)RUPDWXPGDVHVLP)ROJHQGHQJHKWLP
Deutschen das Wort *HVSUlFK YHUZHQGHW ZLUG (V LVW HLQH (LJHQKHLW LP 'HXWVFKHQ GDVV
PLWGHU9RUVLOEHÄ*H³:|UWHUJHELOGHWZHUGHQGLHHLQH9LHO]DKOYHUHLQLJHQYLHOH%HUJH
KHL‰HQGeELUJHHLQH$QVDPPOXQJYRQ:DVVHUGeZlVVHUYLHOH:RUWHXP1LFKWVQHQQWPDQ
GeUHGH,P*HVSUlFKQXQ¿QGHWHLQ0LWHLQDQGHUVSUHFKHQHLQ:RUWZHFKVHO]ZLVFKHQPLQGHVWHQV]ZHL6SUHFKHQGHQVWDWW6LQGHV]ZHL0HQVFKHQLPYHUWUDXWHQ*HVSUlFKNDQQPDQ
DXFK=ZLHVSUDFKHVDJHQ (LQHFKWHV*HVSUlFKELOGHWHLQHQ*HVSUlFKV]XVDPPHQKDQJ6R
EHUVHW]HLFKÄ,OGLDORJRQHOODSUDWLFD¿ORVR¿FD³PLWÄ'DV*HVSUlFKLQQHUKDOEGHU3KLORVRSKLVFKHQ3UD[LV RGHULP5DKPHQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LV ³RGHUEHVVHUXPGDV0RPHQW
QRFKSUl]LVHU]XWUHIIHQGDVIUPLFKHQWVFKHLGHQGLVWÄ'DV*HVSUlFKLQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU
Praxis alsHLQH3UD[LVGHV3KLORVRSKLHUHQV³
)UGDV:LFKWLJVWHKDOWHLFKZDVGDVEOR‰HÄ)RUPDW*HVSUlFK³QLFKWVFKRQJDUDQWLHUW
QlPOLFK GLH GLDORJLVFKH +DOWXQJ D 8QG IU HEHQVR ZLFKWLJ KDOWH LFK HV GDVV LQ 3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LV*HVSUlFKHGLH3UD[LVGHU3KLORVRSKLHHUNHQQHQODVVHQDOVRLPGeist der
=%)LQDQ]EHUDWHU6WHXHUEHUDWHU%HUXIVEHUDWHUMXULVWLVFKH%HUDWXQJ9HUNDXIVEHUDWXQJXVZ
201
S pazio aperto
PhilosophieJHIKUWZHUGHQPhilosophische3UD[LVKHL‰WSKLORVRSKLVFKSUDNWL]LHUHQSKLORVRSKLHUHQEHVVHUPLWHLQDQGHUSKLORVRSKLHUHQ'DUDXVIROJWIUPLFKHUVWHQV3KLORVRSKLH
ZLUG QLFKW ÄDQJHZHQGHW³ 3KLORVRSKLVFKH 3UD[LV LVW NHLQH DQJHZDQGWH 3KLORVRSKLH VRQGHUQHEHQ3UD[LVGHU3KLORVRSKLH=ZHLWHQV3UDNWLVFKZLUG3KLORVRSKLHQLFKWGHVKDOEZHLO
VLH )UDJHQ GHV DOOWlJOLFKHQ /HEHQV XQG GHU /HEHQVIKUXQJ DXIJUHLIW VRQGHUQ LQVRIHUQ VLH
/HEHQVWKHPHQ LP ,QWHUHVVH GHU )UHLKHLW GXUFKGHQNW E 3KLORVRSKLVFKH 3UD[LV LVW NRRSHULHUHQGHV'HQNHQGDV 6HOEVW (UNHQQWQLVXQG$XINOlUXQJXPGHU3HUVRQKDIWLJNHLWXQGGHU
6HOEVWEHVWLPPXQJ ZLOOHQ DQVWUHEW 8QG ZHLO QLHPDOV YRP DUFKLPHGLVFKHQ 3XQNW DXV SKLORVRSKLHUW ZLUG VROOWH GULWWHQV 5HFKHQVFKDIW DEJHOHJW ZHUGHQ N|QQHQ EHU$XIIDVVXQJHQ
GLH IU GDV HLJHQH 3KLORVRSKLHUHQ XQG GLH HLJHQH 3UD[LV OHLWHQG VLQG HWZD ZHOFKHV 0HQVFKHQELOGPD‰JHEOLFKLVWZHOFKH,GHHYRQGHU3KLORVRSKLHXQGLKUHQ=LHOHQPDQKDWXVZ
F 2KQH+LQZHLVHDXIGLHVH*UXQGODJHQKlWWHQPHLQH,GHHQ]XU3UD[LVGHV'LDORJVXQG]XU
&KDUDNWHULVWLNYRQ*HVSUlFKHQLQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LVNHLQHYHUQQIWLJH*UXQGODJH,FK
NDQQGLHVHQ+LQWHUJUXQGMHW]WDOOHUGLQJVQLFKWHQWIDOWHQ.HQQHUZHUGHQOHLFKWKHUDXVK|UHQ
ZHOFKH$XWRUHQPLU/HKUHULPEHVWHQ6LQQJHZRUGHQVLQG'LHKLHUHLQVFKOlJLJHQÄ0HLVWHU³
VLQG 0DUWLQ%XEHU 0D[ 6FKHOHU .DUO -DVSHUV XQG +DQQDK$UHQGW+DQV*HRUJ *DGDPHU
XQG -UJHQ +DEHUPDV GLH LKUHUVHLWV RKQH 3ODWRQ$ULVWRWHOHV$XJXVWLQXV XQG .DQW QLFKW
GDKLQJHNRPPHQZlUHQZRZLUVLHDQWUHIIHQVLHVWHKHQDXIGHQ6FKXOWHUQYRQ5LHVHQ$EHU
XPQLFKWPLVVYHUVWDQGHQ]XZHUGHQ,Q3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LVDUEHLWHWPDQQLFKWVRGDVV
PDQ$ULVWRWHOHVRGHU.DQWVSUHFKHQOlVVW0DQKlOWHVPLWGHQ*UR‰HQZLHHLQJXWHU6HHOVRUJHUGHUVLFKYRP*HLVW*RWWHVLQVSLULHUHQOlVVWGHUVSULFKWDXFKQLFKWLPPHU]Xvon Gott oder
EHU*RWWVRQGHUQLP6WLOOHQmit*RWW±EHUGLHLKPDQYHUWUDXWHQ0HQVFKHQXQGYRQGRUW
her zu diesen Menschen und mit ihnen6RDXFKHLQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UDNWLNHUHULVWLPPHU
ZLHGHU±LP6WXGLXP±LPLQQHUHQ*HVSUlFKPLWGHQ0HLVWHUQXPVHOEHUGDV3KLORVRSKLHUHQ
]XOHUQHQ3KLORVRSKLVFKH3UDNWLNHUJHKHQPLWGHQ$OWHQXPZLHPLWEULOODQWHQ.ROOHJHQXP
VLFKSKLORVRSKLVFK]XELOGHQ$XVGLHVHP8PJDQJEHNRPPWGLHJHLVWLJH1DKUXQJGLHPDQ
VSlWHUVHOEVW]XJHEHQYHUPDJ6XEVWDQ]
'DV6WXGLXPLVWHLQHhEXQJLP9HUVWHKHQGLHXQVEHLP9HUVWHKHQGHU*lVWHXQGLKUHU
$QOLHJHQ]XJXWHNRPPW%HL*HOHJHQKHLWGHV6WLFKZRUWVÄ+HUPHQHXWLN³GLHHLQH6FKOVVHOGLV]LSOLQIU3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LVLVW±HLQH=ZLVFKHQEHPHUNXQJ,FKPXWH,KQHQOLHEH
+|UHULQQHQ XQG +|UHU MD HLQLJHV ]X ZHQQ LFK 'HXWVFK VSUHFKH XQG 6LH HLQH LWDOLHQLVFKH
hEHUVHW]XQJ]XK|UHQEHNRPPHQ'LHVLVWDOOHUGLQJVNHLQ0DQJHO(VELHWHWHLQHKHUYRUUDJHQGH&KDQFH]XU(LQEXQJLQGLH.XQVWGHV9HUVWHKHQV(VLVWDEHUQLFKWQXUHLQHhEXQJLQ
6DFKHQ+HUPHQHXWLNHVLVWDXFKHLQH(LQODGXQJ]XP'LDORJ±GHUVLFKYRU]JOLFKDOOHUGLQJV
LQ,KUHPHLJHQHQ.RSI]XWUlJW6LHZHUGHQNUHDWLYVHLQEHLP9HUVWHKHQXQGHVZLUGMHZHLOV
GDEHLHWZDVMH(LJHQHVHWZDV3HUV|QOLFKHVHQWVWHKHQ'LHVZUGHXQWHUEOHLEHQZHQQHVPLU
VSUDFKOLFKP|JOLFKZlUH6LHUKHWRULVFKHLQ]XZLFNHOQRGHUVFKOLPPHUQRFKYROONRPPHQ
JHVFKORVVHQH$UJXPHQWDWLRQVNHWWHQ XP 6LH ]X KHUXP]XOHJHQ VR]XVDJHQ ]ZLQJHQG ]X DUJXPHQWLHUHQ6ROFKH0RQRORJLNGLHLQGHU6FKXOSKLORVRSKLHJDQJXQGJlEHLVWSDVVWDEHU
QLFKW]XU3UD[LVGHV3KLORVRSKLHUHQVLQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LV
Ä$XWRULWlWHQ³ SDVVW QLFKW ]XU )RUP GHU 3KLORVRSKLH DOOHQIDOOV9RUELOGHU Ä.PPHUW HXFK QLFKW XP
6RNUDWHVNPPHUWHXFKXPGLH:DKUKHLW³RGHUDXFKÄ3ODWRQLVWPLUWHXHUDEHUQRFKWHXUHUGLH:DKUKHLW³
202
Dialog in philosophischer Praxis
S 7KRPDV*XWNQHFKW
'LH 'LIIHUHQ] XQVHUHU 6SUDFKHQ HU|IIQHW EHL QRFK VR JHNRQQWHU hEHUVHW]XQJ HLQH JUR‰H=DKOYRQ/FNHQGLHMHGHU]HLWHLQH)OXFKWYRUPHLQHQ XQYHUPHLGOLFKHQ LQWHOOHNWXHOOHQ1|WLJXQJVYHUVXFKHQJHVWDWWHQ*HZLVVLFKZLOOYHUVWDQGHQZHUGHQ8QGPLW.DQWVDJH
LFKYLHOEHVVHULVWHVPLU]XZLGHUVSUHFKHQDOVPLFKQLFKW]XYHUVWHKHQ8QGGHQQRFKZLH
SURGXNWLYVLQGJHUDGHGLH0LVVYHUVWlQGQLVVH"(VJLEWNHLQHQ*UXQG]XU.RQWUROOHLP*HVSUlFK0LWEHLGHQ*HVSUlFKVSDUWQHUQJHVFKLHKWLP*HVSUlFK8QYRUKHUVHKEDUHV'DV*HVSUlFKIKUWXQVQLFKWDOOHLQZLUHLQ*HVSUlFK/DVVHQZLUXQVEHUUDVFKHQMHGHQIDOOVDEHU
QLFKW EORFNLHUHQ GXUFK LP 9RUDXV JHVWHFNWH =LHOH 'DQQ K|UW GDV IUHLH *HVSUlFK DXI XQG
GLH3KLORVRSKLVFKH3UD[LVZLUGHLQVWUDWHJLVFKHV8QWHUQHKPHQ(VJLEWHLQHZRKOEHJUQGHWH
'LIIHUHQ]]ZLVFKHQ3KLORVRSKLHXQG6RSKLVWLN'LDORJNDQQ]XP(UNHQQWQLVPLWWHOZHUGHQ
'LDORJNDQQHLQH)RUPGHU'LGDNWLNVHLQHVJLEWQHEHQGLGDNWLVFKHQMDDXFKHULVWLVFKHXQG
DJRQDOH*HVSUlFKHDEHUGDVHLJHQWOLFKHXQGDXFKYRQ3ODWRQJHVXFKWHÄHFKWH³*HVSUlFKLVW
HLQV\QHUJLVWLVFKHVZRGLH3DUWQHUPLWHLQDQGHUHLQHQ:HJEHVFKUHLWHQGHUVLFKJOHLFKVDP
XQWHULKUHQ)‰HQHUJLEW
,P*HVSUlFKEHNXQGHWVLFK=XJHZDQGWKHLW,P*HVSUlFKNRPPWHLQVFK|SIHULVFKHV0RPHQW]XP=XJ3RHWLVFKHLQ]HOQVLQGZLU:RUWH]XVDPPHQHLQ*HGLFKW,QV*HVSUlFKJHKW
GDV (LJHQH HLQ XQG ZLUG (LJHQHV ZLHGHU IUHL JHJHEHQ :LH VHKU HLQ$XVWDXVFK YRQ GHP
JHSUlJWLVWZDVPDQVHOEVWDOV3URSULXPPLWEULQJWXQGHLQJLEWP|FKWHLFKPLWIROJHQGHU
NXU]HQ*HVFKLFKWHYHUDQVFKDXOLFKHQ>:LUGHQWVSUHFKHQGPLW*HVWHQYRUJHIKUWE]ZXQWHUVWULFKHQ@(LQ&RZER\XQGHLQ,QGLDQHUWUHIIHQVLFKLQGHU3UlULH'HU,QGLDQHU]HLJWPLWGHP
=HLJH¿QJHUDXIGHQ&RZER\'HUKHEWDOV$QWZRUW=HLJH¿QJHUXQG0LWWHO¿QJHUJHVSUHL]W
KRFK 'HU ,QGLDQHU IDOWHW GLH +lQGH YRU GHP *HVLFKW ZLH ]X HLQHU *HVWH GHU %LWWH 'HP
EHJHJQHWGHU&RZER\PLWHLQHU:LVFKEHZHJXQJGHU+DQG LQ5LFKWXQJ+DQGUFNHQ $QVFKOLH‰HQGUHLWHQEHLGHGDYRQ'HU&RZER\NRPPWQDFK+DXVH]XVHLQHU)UDXXQGHU]lKOW
Ä6WHOO¶GLUYRULFKKDEHKHXWHHLQH5RWKDXWJHWURIIHQ6LHKDWPLWGHP=HLJH¿QJHUJHGURKW
PLFK]XHUVFKLH‰HQ'DKDEHLFKGHP,QGLDQHUPLWGHU+DQGEHGHXWHWGDVVLFKJOHLFKDXI
]ZHL 5RWKlXWH VFKLH‰HQ ZUGH 'RFK ZHLO HU XP *QDGH JHZLQVHOW KDW KDEH LFK LKP ]X
YHUVWHKHQ JHJHEHQ HU VROOH YHUVFKZLQGHQ³ (LQLJH 0HLOHQ ZHVWOLFK LP :LJZDP HU]lKOW
GHU,QGLDQHUVHLQHU6TXDZÄ6WHOO¶GLUYRULFKKDEHKHXWHHLQQHWWHV%OHLFKJHVLFKWJHWURIIHQ
,FKIUDJHÃ:LHKHL‰WGX"µ(UDQWZRUWHWÃ=LHJHµ'DIUDJLFKÃ%HUJ]LHJH"µXQGHUDQWZRUWHW
Ã1HLQ)OXVV]LHJHµ³±(LQHZLHLFK¿QGHVFK|QH*HVFKLFKWHYRQGHUNXOWXUDEKlQJLJHQ,QWHUSUHWDWLRQHLQXQGGHVVHOEHQ(UHLJQLVVHV
'DV:LFKWLJHDQGLHVHUKEVFKHQ*HVFKLFKWHLVWHLQHVHKUHUQVWH6DFKH:LUN|QQHQDXFK
KLHU ZLHGHU JXW VHKHQ GDVV HV VLFK EHL *HVSUlFKHQ QLFKW ]ZDQJVOlX¿J XP HLQ 'LDORJJHVFKHKHQ KDQGHOW +LQWHU (UVFKHLQXQJVIRUPHQ GHV 'LDORJV E]Z *HVSUlFKV N|QQHQ VLFK LQ
:LUNOLFKNHLWSDUDOOHOYHUODXIHQGH0RQRORJHYHUEHUJHQ(LQ'LDORJLVWGDQXUXQWHUVWHOOWRGHU
YRUJHWlXVFKW(QWVFKHLGHQGIUGHQ'LDORJXQGHUVWUHFKWIUGDV*HVSUlFKLPHQJHUHQ6LQQ
ist aber das 'LDORJLVFKH3ULQ]LS oder die Dialogik,VWGLHGLDORJLVFKH(LQVWHOOXQJRGHU+DOWXQJQLFKWJHJHEHQZLUGHLQ'LDORJ]XU)DUFH'DQQUHGHQGLH/HXWHLQLKUHU6HOEVWEH]RJHQKHLW EHVWlQGLJ DQHLQDQGHU YRUEHL GHU RGHU GLH DQGHUH LVW DOOHQIDOOV 6WLFKZRUWJHEHU IU
GHQHLJHQHQ5HGHVFKZDOO:LHGHUHLQDQGHUHUPDFKWLQSlGDJRJLVFKHURGHUWKHUDSHXWLVFKHU
(LQVWHOOXQJVHLQ*HJHQEHU]XP2EMHNWE]ZVLHKWGHQDQGHUHQQXUDOV4XHOOHIUDOOHP|JOLFKHQ,QIRUPDWLRQHQDQGLHHUEHULKQVDPPHOW:LHRIWVSULFKWPDQQXUEHUHLQDQGHUVWDWW
HLQDQGHUDQ]XVSUHFKHQ"
203
S pazio aperto
$XFK EOR‰H %H]XJQDKPH DOV VROFKH LVW QLFKW VFKRQ GLDORJLVFK 0LW 5HFKW VDJW 0DUWLQ
%XEHUGHVKDOEÄ,FKNHQQHGUHLHUOHL'LDORJGHQHFKWHQJOHLFKYLHOJHUHGHWHQRGHUJHVFKZLHJHQHQZRMHGHUGHU7HLOQHKPHUGHQRGHUGLHDQGHUHQLQLKUHP'DVHLQXQG6RVHLQZLUNOLFK
PHLQWXQGVLFKLKQHQLQGHU,QWHQWLRQ]XZHQGHWGDVVOHEHQGLJH*HJHQVHLWLJNHLWVLFK]ZLVFKHQLKPXQGLKQHQVWLIWHWGHQWHFKQLVFKHQGHUOHGLJOLFKYRQGHU1RWGXUIWGHUVDFKOLFKHQ
9HUVWlQGLJXQJHLQJHJHEHQLVWXQGGHQGLDORJLVFKYHUNOHLGHWHQ0RQRORJLQGHP]ZHLRGHU
PHKUHUHLP5DXP]XVDPPHQJHNRPPHQH0HQVFKHQDXIZXQGHUOLFKYHUVFKOXQJHQHQ8PZHJHQMHGHUPLWVLFKVHOEHUUHGHQ³8QGDQDQGHUHU6WHOOHÄ'LDORJLVFKHV/HEHQLVWQLFKWHLQV
LQGHPPDQYLHOPLW0HQVFKHQ]XWXQKDWVRQGHUQHLQVLQGHPPDQPLWGHQ0HQVFKHQ
PLWGHQHQPDQ]XWXQKDWZLUNOLFK]XWXQKDW0RQRORJLVFKOHEHQGLVWQLFKWGHU(LQVDPH]X
QHQQHQVRQGHUQZHUQLFKWIlKLJLVWGLH*HVHOOVFKDIWLQGHUHUVLFKVFKLFNVDOVPl‰LJEHZHJW
ZHVHQVPl‰LJ]XYHUZLUNOLFKHQ³
(LQ,QGLYLGXXPNRPPXQL]LHUWQLFKW(VQLPPWWHLODQHLQHU.RPPXQLNDWLRQ(VLVWQLFKW
$XWRUGHU.RPPXQLNDWLRQHVLVWSDVVLYDNWLYEHWHLOLJW.RPPXQLNDWLRQLVWQLFKWQDFKGHP
0RGHOOYRQ$NWLRQXQG5HDNWLRQ]XYHUVWHKHQVRQGHUQQXUDXIGHU(EHQHGHV$XVWDXVFKV
)UGLHVHHFKWH%HJHJQXQJLVWGHU$XVGUXFNÄLQ.RQWDNWNRPPHQ³YLHO]XVFKZDFK3HULFKRUHVHWULIIWHVVFKRQHKHU
(V JHKW LP HFKWHQ *HVSUlFK ZHLWHU GDUXP GDVV GHU DQGHUH 0HQVFK DOV GLHVHU$QGHUH
DOV GLH ZLUNOLFK HLJHQVWlQGLJH DQGHUH 3HUVRQ JHPHLQW ZDKUJHQRPPHQ XQG LQHLQV GDPLW
DXFKDQHUNDQQWZLUG$QHUNHQQXQJLVWQLFKWQXUGLH+HU]PLWWHGHU(WKLNVRQGHUQDXFKGHV
'LDORJV *HUDGH GDV *HVSUlFK LVW HLQH 4XHOOH GHU (WKLN$P HKHVWHQ ZLUG$QHUNHQQXQJ
YHUZLUNOLFKWZHQQGLH0HQVFKHQGLHPLWHLQDQGHU]XWXQEHNRPPHQIUHLQDQGHUVLFKWEDU
ZHUGHQ6RJLOW6SULFKGDPLWLFKGLFKVHKH2KQHGLH%HUHLWVFKDIWGHQ$QGHUHQDOV$Qderen an]XHUNHQQHQ YHUIHKOH LFK LQ GHU %HJHJQXQJ GLH GDQQ ]XU 9HUJHJQXQJ ZLUG GHV
$QGHUHQ:LUNOLFKNHLWVFKRQDXIGHU(EHQHGHVErNHQQHQV(UNHQQHQXQG$QHUNHQQHQIDOOHQ
]XVDPPHQ (LQH GLDORJLVFKH +DOWXQJ YHUODQJW 5FNKDOWORVLJNHLW LQ GHU %HJHJQXQJ QLFKW
QXU3HUV|QOLFKNHLWVRQGHUQ3HUVRQKDIWLJNHLW'DVEHGHXWHWGDVVVWUDWHJLVFKHV+DQGHOQ]X
NHLQHPZLUNOLFKHQ'LDORJRGHU*HVSUlFKIKUHQNDQQ'DVJLOWDXFKQRFKIUWKHUDSHXWLVFKH
RGHUSlGDJRJLVFKH,QWHUYHQWLRQHQ$QGHUVJHVDJW1LFKWPLWGHP'LDORJIlQJWDOOHVDQXQG
GHUSUDNWL]LHUWH'LDORJVWHKWQLFKWDP$QIDQJ9LHOPHKUKDEHQ'LDORJKDEHQ*HVSUlFKXQG
=ZLHVSUDFKHVHOEHULKUHUVHLWV9RUDXVVHW]XQJHQden dialogischen SinnGLH5LFKWXQJYRP
,FK]XP'XYRUDOOHPGLHUFNKDOWORVHXQGYRUEHKDOWORVH+LQZHQGXQJ]XP'XYRUGHP
PDQVLFKZLHHVHWZDLP2VWHQJHVFKLHKW]XDOOHUHUVW]XYHUQHLJHQKDW
)U GLH 3KLORVRSKLVFKH 3UD[LV JLOW GDV 3ULQ]LS Ä'LDORJ VWDWW 'LDJQRVH³ hEULJHQV DXFK
'LDORJVWDWW8QWHUZHLVXQJ'HU'LDORJLVWGLH7KHUDSLH ,FKVSUHFKH±ZLH6LHEHPHUNHQ
LP'HXWVFKHQQXQGRFKÄWHFKQLVFK³ZHQQLFKLP6LQQH%XEHUVGDVZDKUKDIWGLDORJLVFKH
*HVSUlFKPHLQHXQGYHUZHQGHGRFKGDV:RUWÄ'LDORJ³±HEHQLQHLQHPJDQ]VSH]L¿VFKHQ
6LQQ (VLVWZLFKWLJHUGLH)UHLKHLWDQ]XUXIHQDQVWDWWPLWZHOFKHP$QOLHJHQDXFKLPPHU
DXIGHQDQGHUHQLQGHUHLQHQRGHUDQGHUHQ:HLVHHLQ]XZLUNHQ
$XIHLQHVHKUVFK|QH,QWHUSUHWDWLRQGHVMDSDQLVFKHQ'LFKWHUV8HGDKDWPLFKPHLQH.ROOHJLQ(YD6FKLIIHUDXIPHUNVDPJHPDFKW6LHUHIHULHUWGDVVGHU6LQQGHU9HUQHLJXQJGDULQ
(YD6FKLIIHU YRUGHULFKPLFKPHLQHUVHLWVYHUQHLJH LQGHP0DQXVNULSWÄ%UFNHQEHU$EJUQGH³
HUVFKHLQWLP-DKUEXFKGHU,*33Kulturen des Dialogs. Vermittlungen Philosophischer Praxis
204
Dialog in philosophischer Praxis
S 7KRPDV*XWNQHFKW
EHVWHKHVLFKIUHLXQGJHJHQVHLWLJDOV(JR]XQLFKWH]XPDFKHQXPLQGHQ8UVSUXQJHLQHV
=ZLVFKHQHLQ]XWDXFKHQZRHVZHGHU,FKQRFK'XJLEW'LH3DUWQHUVWHKHQVLFKZLHGHU
DXIULFKWHQGDOV,FK'XXQG'X,FKJHJHQEHU6RZLUGDQJH]HLJWZLHDEVROXWH6HOEVWlQGLJNHLWXQGY|OOLJH$QJHZLHVHQKHLWDXIHLQDQGHU]XVDPPHQJHK|UHQ,QGHU8QWHUVFKHLGXQJ
]ZLVFKHQGHP6HOEVWXQGGHP$QGHUHQEOHLEWDP*UXQGGHV6XEMHNWVHLQVLQGHU7LHIHHLQH
6SKlUH ZR HV 'LIIHUHQ]LHUXQJHQ QLFKW JHEHQ NDQQ 3HWUD YRQ 0RUVWHLQ VSULFKW LQ$QOHKQXQJDQ.DQWVÄ,FKGDVLQXQVDOOHQGHQNW³YRQHLQHPÄ,FKGDVLQXQVDOOHQ HU OHEW³RGHU
ÄGHP6XEMHNWGDVLQXQVDOOHQLVW³(VLVWHLQPHQVFKOLFKHV3DUDGR[GDVVEHVRQGHUVLQ([WUHPVLWXDWLRQHQLFKPLUHLQHUVHLWVQlKHUELQDOVVRQVWREZRKODQGHUHUVHLWVGLHLQGLYLGXHOOHQ
*UHQ]HQGHV,FK]XYHUVFKZLQGHQDQIDQJHQ-HGHV(UOHEHQDXFKGDVDOOWlJOLFKHKDWHLQHQ
6XEMHNW$VSHNWGHULQGHUREMHNWLYHQ%HVFKUHLEXQJQLFKWDXIJHKW:LUVLQGDOV2EMHNWHYRQHLQDQGHUXQWHUVFKHLGEDUGRFKDOV6XEMHNWHXQWUHQQEDU0LW0DUWLQ%XEHU'XVDJHQGZHUGH
LFK]XP6XEMHNW:HQQLFKÄ,FK(V³VSUHFKHVSULFKWJOHLFKVDPHLQQRFKQLFKWZHVHQKDIWHV
XQG DQGHUHV ,FK DOV EHLP Ä,FK'X³6DJHQ (UJlQ]HQ P|FKWH LFK 'LH$QGHUKHLW EHVWHKW
VFKRQLP6XEMHNW,FKELQLQPLUVHOEVWGHUGHUPLWVLFK]XWXQKDW'DVVWHKWQLFKWLP*HJHQVDW]]X%XEHUV'LDORJLVFKHP3ULQ]LSVRQGHUQHQWVSULQJWGRUWZRDXFKGDV'LDORJLVFKH
3ULQ]LSHQWVSULQJW
,QGHQ*HVSUlFKHQGLHLFKLP%OLFNKDEHJHKWHVQLFKW]XOHW]WXP6HOEVWerkenntnis,P
,QWHUHVVHGHU6HOEVWEHVWLPPXQJLVWGLHREMHNWZHOWOLFKH2ULHQWLHUXQJXQGVDFKOLFKREMHNWLYH
(LQVWHOOXQJHEHQVRZLFKWLJZLHGLH6HOEVWHUKHOOXQJ*HUDGHGLHEUDXFKWQRWZHQGLJGHQDQGHUHQDOV*HVSUlFKVSDUWQHU,QQHQVFKDXJHQJWQLFKW
%G6LHKH]XP+LQWHUJUXQGDXFK)UDQFRLV-XOOLHQDenkzugänge. Mögliche Wege des Geistes%HUOLQ
XQGIUKHUGHUV'LH$IIHQEUFNH3DVVDJHQ:LHQ
9JO3HWUDYRQ0RUVWHLQErleben als Ursprung Philosophischen Fragens. Dialog in Philosophischer
Praxis6LQ7KRPDV*XWNQHFKWHWDO +J %HUDWXQJXQG%LOGXQJ%HUOLQ -DKUEXFKGHU
,*33%G 'LH:HOWLVW]ZLHIlOWLJJHPl‰GHU=ZLHIDOWGLHVHU*UXQGZRUWHGLH:RUWSDDUHVLQGHEHQ,FK(VRGHU
,FK'X *lQ]OLFK 6XEMHNW XQG 3HUVRQ ZHVHQVPl‰LJ 0HQVFK ELQ LFK QXU LQ GHU %H]LHKXQJ ,Q GLHVHP(LQVN|QQHQZLU]ZDUQLFKWYHUEOHLEHQ+lWWHGLHV%HVWDQGZUGHQ3V\FKRORJHQHLQH3V\FKRVH
IHVWVWHOOHQ$EHUZLUGUIHQDXFKQLFKWEHUVHKHQGDVVLQGLHVHUXQYRUGHQNOLFKHQ7LHIHGHUGRSSHOWH
*UXQGYRQ6XEMHNWVHLQXQG,QWHUVXEMHNWLYLWlWEHVWHKW,P'LDORJNRPPWGLHVHSDUDGR[H9HUIDVVXQJ
GHV0HQVFKHQGHUNRQNUHWLPPHUVFKRQ0LWPHQVFKLVW]XP$XVGUXFN'LH,FK'X%H]LHKXQJLVW
NHLQH SV\FKRORJLVFKH 6WUXNWXU VRQGHUQ YHUZHLVW EHU GDV ,QQHUVHHOLVFKH KLQDXV DXI HLQH ZLUNOLFKH
9HUELQGXQJGHUMHGHUYRQEHLGHQVHLQHHLJHQH,GHQWLWlWYHUGDQNW'DVOlVVWVLFKDPHKHVWHQLQHLQHUUHODWLRQDOHQ2QWRORJLHEHVFKUHLEHQ$EHUGLHVHPHWDSK\VLVFKH9HUDQNHUXQJGHV'LDORJLVFKHQLQHFKWHQ
'LDORJHQ DOV6HLQVYHUKlOWQLV NDQQLFKMHW]WQLFKWDXVIKUHQ(VLVWDEHULPPHUPLW]XEHGHQNHQ
9RQ1DWXUDXVLVWMHGHUYRQXQVYRQHLQHP(JR]HQWULVPXVJHSUlJWGHUGD]XIKUWGDVVHLQ/HEHZHVHQ
]XQlFKVWDQGHUH]XJXQVWHQGHV(JRPDQLSXOLHUHQZLOO'RFKGDV5HDOLWlWVSULQ]LSEULQJWGDV/XVWSULQ]LSLPPHUPHKUDQ*UHQ]HQ6RZLUGGDV(JRDQVLFKVHOEVW]XUFNYHUZLHVHQXQGEHJLQQWHLQHQLQQHUHQ'LDORJ'LHVH)RUPYRQ6XEMHNWLYLWlWLVWVREHKDXSWHLFKJOHLFKXUVSUQJOLFKPLW%XEHUV3RVLWLRQ
9RUDXVVHW]XQJIUMHGHQ'LDORJPLWHLQHPDQGHUHQ$QGHUHQ
3HWHU%LHULÄ'RFKZLHJHQDXPDFKHQZLUGDVXQVEHIUDJHQXQVYHUVWHKHQXQVYHUlQGHUQ"(VKDWYLHO
PLW6SUDFKH]XWXQ±PLWGHP)LQGHQGHUULFKWLJHQ:RUWHIUGDVZDVZLUGHQNHQXQGHUOHEHQhEHU
VLFKVHOEVW]XEHVWLPPHQNDQQKHL‰HQVLFKLPHLJHQHQ'HQNHQ]XRULHQWLHUHQXQGVHLQHhEHU]HXJXQJHQDXIGHQ3UIVWDQG]XVWHOOHQ>«@,QGHPLFKQDFK%HOHJHQIURGHUJHJHQJHZRKQWHhEHU]HXJXQJHQVXFKHHU|IIQHLFKHLQHQLQQHUHQ3UR]HVVLQGHVVHQ9HUODXIVLFKGLHVHhEHU]HXJXQJHQlQGHUQ
N|QQHQ8QGZHQQGLHVHU3UR]HVVZHLWOlX¿JJHQXJLVWNDQQGDV]XHLQHU8PJHVWDOWXQJPHLQHVJDQ]HQ
205
S pazio aperto
:HQQ0HQVFKHQLP*HVSUlFKLQGHU3UD[LVHU]lKOHQHUOHEHLFKHVVRGDVVVLHPLUQLFKW
etwas EHULKUH:HOWDQVFKDXXQJPLWWHLOHQ9LHOPHKULVWHVVRGDVVVLHaus GLHVHUVSUHFKHQ
6LHVDJHQQLFKWHLJHQWOLFKZDVVLHGHQNHQVRQGHUQLKU'HQNHQVDJWVLFK8QGLPOHEHQGLJHQ
*HVSUlFKPLWPLUNDQQVLFKLKU'HQNHQHUQHXHUQ(LQ*HGDQNHQLFKWQXUJHGDFKWVRQGHUQ
DXVJHVDJWLVWHLQ]ZHLWHU*HGDQNH,P+|UHQXQG0LWGHQNHQYHUYLHOIlOWLJWVLFKGDVQRFK
%HLGHU3UD[LVGHU0HLQXQJVSUIXQJEHLGHU6XFKHQDFKXQGEHLP6WUHLWXPGHQÄEHVWHQ/RJRV³LVWGDV6XEMHNWYRUDOOHPHLQ$UJXPHQWDWLRQVVXEMHNW,FKHUZlKQWHVFKRQGDV
HULVWLVFKH *HVSUlFK GDV DJRQDOH *HVSUlFK XQG GDV GLGDNWLVFK *HVSUlFK ,P *UXQG OLHJW
LQDOOHQ)lOOHQWURW]GHU'LDORJIRUPHLQ0RQRORJYRU:HQQGHU6SUHFKHQGH%HVFKHLG]X
ZLVVHQPHLQWHQWZLFNHOWHU±LGHDOW\SLVFK±HLQHQLQVLFKNRQVHTXHQWHQHLQGLPHQVLRQDOIRUWODXIHQGHQ =XVDPPHQKDQJ HU EHJUQGHW GLHVHQ JHJHQEHU P|JOLFKHUZHLVH DXIWDXFKHQGHQ
=ZHLIHOQVLFKHUWLKQJHJHQ(LQZHQGXQJHQLVWDXFKLPVWDQGHDP$QIDQJQRFKYHUERUJHQH
.RQVHTXHQ]HQ]X]LHKHQ$EHUGDEHLNRPPWQLFKWV1HXHVKHUDXV,QGLHVHU+DOWXQJJLEWHV
HQWZHGHU6LHJHUXQG%HVLHJWHRGHU/HKUHQGHXQG%HOHKUWH6ROFKPRQRORJLVFKHV6SUHFKHQ
LVW]XJOHLFKHLQDXWRULWDWLYHV6SUHFKHQ'LH'DUVWHOOXQJVROOÄ]ZLQJHQG³VHLQXQGGHP$QGHUHQNHLQHQ=ZHLIHOXQGNHLQHQ:LGHUVSUXFKHUODXEHQ'DVVGLH%HJUQGXQJÄ]ZLQJHQG³
VHLQVROOLVWHLQHEH]HLFKQHQGYHUUlWHULVFKH:HQGXQJGHQQVLHEULQJW]XP$XVGUXFNGDVV
GLHVH6SUHFKIRUPDXIHLQHP+HUUVFKDIWVGHQNHQEHUXKWZHQQDXFKDXIHLQHPÄQXU³LQWHOOHNWXHOOHQ*HELHW$XFKGDQQLVWVLHDEHUJHZDOWI|UPLJ
0HLQXQJVSUR¿OVIKUHQ]XHLQHU9HUlQGHUXQJPHLQHUJHGDQNOLFKHQ,GHQWLWlW'HVKDOELVWGHU3UR]HVV
GHU$XINOlUXQJEHUHLQHZLFKWLJH6DFKHHLQ$NWGHU6HOEVWEHVWLPPXQJ³Ä,P3UR]HVVGHV1DFKSUIHQVEHUQLPPWPDQVHOEVWGLH5HJLHEHUVHLQ'HQNHQ'DVKDWYLHOPLWNULWLVFKHU'LVWDQ]DXFKJHJHQEHUGHQHLJHQHQVSUDFKOLFKHQ*HZRKQKHLWHQ]XWXQ9LHOHVZDVZLU]XGHQNHQXQG]XZLVVHQPHLQHQ
LVWGDGXUFKHQWVWDQGHQGDVVZLUGLH0XWWHUVSUDFKHQDFKJHSODSSHUWKDEHQ(VVLQG'LQJHGLHPDQHEHQ
VRVDJW,P'HQNHQVHOEVWlQGLJHUPQGLJHU]XZHUGHQEHGHXWHWZDFKHU]XZHUGHQJHJHQEHUEOLQGHQ
VSUDFKOLFKHQ*HZRKQKHLWHQGLHXQVQXUYRUJDXNHOQGDVVZLUHWZDVGHQNHQ$OOHVZHLWHUHHUVFKOLH‰W
VLFKQLFKWPHKUGXUFKHLQH.RQ]HQWUDWLRQQDFKLQQHQ$FKWVDPNHLWXQG$XIPHUNVDPNHLWKHOIHQQLFKW
PHKUYLHOEHLGHU9HUJHZLVVHUXQJEHUWLHIHUOLHJHQGHhEHU]HXJXQJHQ+RIIQXQJHQXQG%HIUFKWXQJHQ(LQHVROFKH9HUJHZLVVHUXQJYHUODQJWGHQ%OLFNYRQDX‰HQQLFKWYLHODQGHUVDOVEHLGHP9HUVXFK
HLQHQ$QGHUHQ]XYHUVWHKHQÄ%HLDOOGLHVHQ'LQJHQEHWUDFKWHPDQVLFKQLFKWDOV%HZRKQHUHLQHULQ
VLFKWUDQVSDUHQWHQ,QQHQZHOWGLHGHU$X‰HQZHOWDEJHVFKORVVHQJHJHQEHUVWQGHVRQGHUQDOV7HLOGHU
:HOWLQVJHVDPWGHUVLFKXQWHUGHP(LQÀXVVGHUDQGHUHQ7HLOHYHUlQGHUWXQGHQWZLFNHOW³9JO3HWHU
Bieris Vortrag „Wie wäre es, gebildet zu sein?“)HVWUHGHDQGHU3lGDJRJLVFKHQ+RFKVFKXOH%HUQEHU
%LOGXQJYRP1RYHPEHU
,FKYHUWUHWHHLQH3RVLWLRQMHQVHLWVYRQ5HODWLYLVPXVXQG)XQGDPHQWDOLVPXV'DVVGLHUHODWLYLVWLVFKH
3RVLWLRQ QLFKW VHOEVWDQZHQGEDU LVW IKUW VLH VFKRQ DG DEVXUGXP 'D]X GDVV HLQ 0HQVFK HLQ )XQGDPHQW IU GLH ,GHQWLWlW LQ hEHU]HXJXQJHQ EHQ|WLJW LVW DQ]XPHUNHQ GDVV GLHV ]ZDU LQ HLQHQ IXQGDPHQWDOLVWLVFKH+DOWXQJIKUHQNDQQDEHUQXUGDQQZHQQGHU*HOWXQJVE]Z:DKUKHLWVDQVSUXFK
PLVVYHUVWDQGHQZLUG(LQH:LUNOLFKNHLWGHU]X8QUHFKW)XQGDPHQWDOLVPXVYRUJHKDOWHQZLUGLVWGDV
NLUFKOLFKH'RJPD(LQ'RJPDVLFKHUWGLH8QDEVFKOLH‰EDUNHLWHLQHU)UDJHHLQHU6SDQQXQJ]%GDV
9HUKlOWQLVYRQ*RWWXQG0HQVFKGDVHLQH+lUHVLHDXÀ|VWLQGHPVLHHLQHQ3ROGHU6SDQQXQJQHJLHUW
+lUHVLHQ IKUHQ GDKHU ]XP )XQGDPHQWDOLVPXV QLFKW DEHU HLQH:DKUKHLW Ä'LH ZLOGH:DKUKHLW KlOW
VLFKVFKZDQNHQGDXIUHFKW³'DV'RJPDYHUVXFKWGLH:DKUKHLWGLHVFKZDQNWGXUFKGLH-DKUKXQGHUWH ]X UHWWHQ 'DV ZLUG YHUVWlQGOLFKHU ZHQQ PDQ GLH 'UHLVWX¿JNHLW LP:DKUKHLWVJHGDQNHQ VLHKW 6DFKZDKUKHLW :DKUKHLWGHU'LQJH9HUKlOWQLVVH GLHDEHULPPHU±DOVXQVHU=XJDQJGD]XHLQH
(QWVSUHFKXQJLP6XEMHNWKDEHQPVVHQ UHODWLRQDOQLFKWUHODWLYLVWLVFK GDVVHLQHUVHLWVLPLQWHUSHUVRQDOHQ:DKUKHLWVUDXPDOVRGHPZDVVLFKGDV]ZLVFKHQ3HUVRQHQ]XWUlJWYHUDQWZRUWHWZHUGHQ
206
Dialog in philosophischer Praxis
S 7KRPDV*XWNQHFKW
2WWR)ULHGULFK%ROOQRZVFKUHLEWKLHU]XÄ'DV]HLJWVLFKEHVRQGHUVGHXWOLFKLQGHUUHLQVWHQ
)RUPHLQHVVROFKHQPRQRORJLVFKGHPRQVWULHUHQGHQ'HQNHQVGHP%HZHLV'HU%HZHLVKDW
LPPHUHWZDV1DFKWUlJOLFKHV(UJHKWDXVYRQHLQHU%HKDXSWXQJXQGVXFKWQDFKWUlJOLFKGDIU
HLQH%HJUQGXQJ³'DVKDWYRULKP+DQV/LSSVVHKUNODUKHUDXVJHVWHOOWÄ'HU%HZHLV>LVW@
DQ LKP VHOEHU HLQH 'HPRQVWUDWLRQ 'HP DQGHUHQ ZLUG HWZDV EHZLHVHQ >@ 1DFKJHWUDJHQ
]XZHUGHQLVWGHP%HZHLVZHVHQWOLFK=XU6LFKHUXQJEHZHLVWPDQHWZDV>@>'DUXP@KDEHQ%HZHLVHLPPHUHWZDV$JJUHVVLYHV3ROHPLVFKHV'HQQ%HKDXSWXQJHQZHUGHQEHZLHVHQ 3RVLWLRQHQ GXUFK$UJXPHQWH JHVLFKHUW >«@ 'HU JHJHQ GHQ PDQ HWZDV EHZHLVW ZLUG
JH]ZXQJHQPLW]XJHKHQHVVLFKEHZHLVHQ]XODVVHQGDVV>@³%ROOQRZÄ'LH'LVNXVVLRQ
XQWHUVFKHLGHWVLFKYRPHLJHQWOLFKHQ*HVSUlFKGDGXUFKGDVVVLHDOVHLQH)ROJHYRQPLWHLQDQGHUVWUHLWHQGHQNOHLQHUHQ0RQRORJHQDXI]XIDVVHQLVW-HGHUHLQ]HOQH%HLWUDJLVWQDFK$UWGHV
0RQRORJVLQVLFKDEJHVFKORVVHQ'HU6SUHFKHQGHKDWHLQ5HFKWGDUDXIQLFKWXQWHUEURFKHQ
]XZHUGHQXQGHUVWZHQQHUIHUWLJLVWVHW]W LQHLQHPJHRUGQHWHQ0RQRORJ GHUDQGUHPLW
HLQHUHEHQIDOOVLQVLFKJHVFKORVVHQHQ(UZLGHUXQJHLQ'DV*DQ]HLVWHLQ.DPSI]ZLVFKHQ
GHQ3RVLWLRQHQGLHQLFKWHUVWLQGHU'LVNXVVLRQJHZRQQHQZHUGHQVRQGHUQVFKRQYRUGHU
'LVNXVVLRQ IHVWVWHKHQ DEHU LQ GHU 'LVNXVVLRQ DXI GLH 3UREH JHVWHOOW XQG HUKlUWHW RGHU DOV
XQEUDXFKEDU YHUZRUIHQ ZHUGHQ VROOHQ³ 0LW +DQV /LSSV Ä0DQ YHUWULWW >«@ HLQH 7KHVH
GDV5HFKWHLQHV6WDQGSXQNWHV>@'LVNXVVLRQLVWHLQDJRQDOHU/RJRVVFKODJHQGH*UQGH
%HZHLVDQWUHWHQXVZ³
VROO :DKUKHLWSHUVRQDO 'DQQLVWHVDEHUJHUDGHVRGDVVLFKMHPDQGPHLQH:DKUKHLW]XPXWHQPXVV
'HQQZHQQLFKQLFKWPHKUEHNHQQHXQGQLFKWPHKUZLGHUVSUHFKHVFKOLH‰HLFKGHQ:DKUKHLWVUDXPGHU
LPPHUHLQ%H]LHKXQJVUDXPLVW(QWVFKHLGHQGGDEHLLVWQDWUOLFKNHLQH*HZDOWNHLQH0DQLSXODWLRQ
,FKPXVVGHQDQGHUHQLQVHLQHUSHUVRQDOHQ,QWHJULWlWEHODVVHQN|QQHQGDUIDOVRZHUEHQDEHUVROOWH
QLFKW EHUUHGHQ ZROOHQ *HQDXVR W|GOLFK ZLH GLH %H]LHKXQJVYHUZHLJHUXQJ ZlUH QLFKW HUQVWKDIW ]X
UHGHQXQGPHKUQRFKDOVGDVGLH/JHDOVEHVRQGHUH)RUPYRQ*HZDOW/JHLVW%H]LHKXQJVYHUZHLJHUXQJXQGJHLVWLJH*HZDOWWlWLJNHLWVFKRQZHLOGHU:DKUKHLW*HZDOWDQJHWDQZLUGGLHGXUFKVFKOlJWDXI
0HQVFKHQGLHLKU/HEHQLQ:DKUKHLWHQJUQGHQPVVHQ.XU]XP'LH2SWLRQIU PHLQH :DKUKHLW
GLHLPEHVWHQ)DOOGLHDOOHU9HUQQIWLJHQRGHU0LW*ODXEHQGHQLVW LVWDOOHVDQGHUHDOV=XÀXFKWLQGHQ
Fundamentalismus!
(LQ%HZHLVLVWGLHGHU0DFKWEHKDXSWXQJGXUFKGLHUDWLRQDOH0DFKWGHU$UJXPHQWH6RLVWGHU%HZHLV
HLQ0LWWHOLQGHUNlPSIHULVFKHQ$XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJ=XQlFKVWZDUHUEHKHLPDWHWLQGHUJHULFKWOLFKHQ
6SKlUHZR3DUWHLHQVWUHLWHQ'HUNlPSIHULVFKH=XJNRPPWDXFKQRFKLQGHUZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKHQ'LVNXVVLRQRGHUSDUODPHQWDULVFKHQ'HEDWWHQ]XP$XVGUXFN9JO2WWR)ULHGULFK%ROOQRZDas Doppelgesicht der Wahrheit. Philosophie der Erkenntnis%DQG6WXWWJDUWEHVRQGHUV6
,PEHVWHQ)DOOJLEWHVLQGHQVDFKEH]RJHQHQDUJXPHQWLHUHQGHQ*HVSUlFKHQHLQHJHPHLQVDPH:DKUKHLWVVXFKH GLH VLFK LP NRRSHUDWLYHQ 6DFKJHVSUlFK YROO]LHKW (V KDQGHOW VLFK GDQQ EHUHLWV XP HLQ
HFKWHV*HVSUlFK(VXQWHUVFKHLGHWVLFKYRQGHU'LVSXWDWLRQGDGXUFKGDVVKLHUGLH8QWHUEUHFKXQJLQ
HLQHU]ZDQJORVHQ)RUPMHGHQ$XJHQEOLFNP|JOLFKLVWXQGXPVRIUKHUHLQVHW]WMHOHEKDIWHUXQGGDPLW
IUXFKWEDUHUGDV*HVSUlFKZLUG(UVWDQ(LQZUIHQDP:LGHUVWDQGGXUFKXQYRUKHUVHKEDUH8QWHUEUHFKXQJHQGXUFKGHQ*HVSUlFKVSDUWQHUHQW]QGHWVLFKGDVVFK|SIHULVFKH'HQNHQ2IWNDQQGDVULFKWLJH
:RUWHUVWJHIXQGHQZHUGHQZHQQGLH(QWJHJQXQJQLFKWQXUDOV:LGHUVWDQGDXIWULWWVRQGHUQGHQ*HGDQNHQLPSURGXNWLYHQ6LQQDXIQLPPWXQGZHLWHUIKUWXQGVREHUHLFKHUQGDXIGHQHUVWHQ6SUHFKHU
]XUFNZLUNW(VEHVWHKWLQHLQHPEHVWlQGLJHQ3UR]HVVGHVZHFKVHOVHLWLJHQ8QWHUEUHFKHQVXQG)RUWIKUHQVDQGHPEHLGH6HLWHQJOHLFKPl‰LJEHWHLOLJWVLQG-DPDQNDQQJHUDGH]XVDJHQ'DV*HVSUlFK
HQWZLFNHOWVLFKXQJHSODQWZLHYRQVHOEVWDXVHLJHQHU*HVHW]Pl‰LJNHLW'HU$QIDQJLVWPHLVW]XIlOOLJ
JHZLVVHUPD‰HQQXUGHU$QVWR‰XQGHUVWLQZHFKVHOVHLWLJHU6WHLJHUXQJNRPPWHVGDQQZLHLQHLQHP
5HVRQDQ]YRUJDQJ]XPZLUNOLFKHQ*HVSUlFK'HU6LQQGHUVLFKLP*HVSUlFKHUJLEWOLHJWGDQQQLFKW
207
S pazio aperto
'RFKGDV*HVSUlFKLQGHU3KLORVRSKLVFKHQ3UD[LVLVWVHOWHQHLQ6DFKJHVSUlFKLPKHUN|PPOLFKHQ 6LQQ :DV GD LQVJHKHLP RGHU DXVGUFNOLFK JHVXFKW ZLUG LVW SHUVRQKDIWH$QHUNHQQXQJGXUFKHLQZLUNOLFKHV*HJHQEHUYRUGHPPDQXQGPLWGHPPDQGHQNW(VJHKWXPVR
HWZDV ZLH:LUNOLFKZHUGHQ .DUO -DVSHUV GD]X Ä:HVHQWOLFKH GDV 6HLQ WUHIIHQGH:DKUKHLW
HQWVSULQJWQXULQGHU.RPPXQLNDWLRQDQGLHVLHJHEXQGHQLVW'DKHUNDQQZDKUH3KLORVRSKLH
QXULQ*HPHLQVFKDIW]XP'DVHLQNRPPHQ'LH.RPPXQLNDWLRQVORVLJNHLWGHV3KLORVRSKHQ
ZLUG HLQ .ULWHULXP GHU 8QZDKUKHLW VHLQHV 'HQNHQV³ 'LH 6HOEVWZHUGXQJ VFKOLH‰W JHZLVV
HLQHQ.DPSIXP:DKUKHLWHLQ:RHLQHULPPHUQXU]XVWLPPWNRPPWNHLQHFKWHV*HVSUlFK
]XVWDQGH$EHUGHU:LGHUVSUXFKLVWXPIDQJHQYRQHLQHUJUXQGVlW]OLFKHQ=XZHQGXQJ-DVSHUVVFKHXWVLFKQLFKWGDV:RUW/LHEH]XJHEUDXFKHQ(UVSULFKW]XJOHLFKYRQHLQHP.DPSI
GRFKHVÄLVWQLFKWGHU.DPSI]ZHLHU([LVWHQ]HQJHJHQHLQDQGHUVRQGHUQHLQJHPHLQVDPHU
.DPSI JHJHQ VLFK VHOEVW XQG GHQ DQGHUHQ DEHU DOOHLQ .DPSI XP:DKUKHLW³ 'DVV HV EHL
GHU%H]LHKXQJ]XP'XDQHLQHUVDFKRULHQWLHUWHQ(LQVWHOOXQJQLFKWIHKOHQVROOWHEHWRQW9LWWRULR+|VOHÄ'DV)DV]LQLHUHQGHXQGDXIGHQHUVWHQ%OLFNhEHUUDVFKHQGHDQGHUVDFKRULHQWLHUWHQ(LQVWHOOXQJLVWGDVVVLHHLQHEHVVHUH*UXQGODJHIUHLQHJHOLQJHQGHSKLORVRSKLVFKH
,QWHUVXEMHNWLYLWlWGDUVWHOOWDOVMHQH(LQVWHOOXQJGLHSULPlUDXIGLH$QHUNHQQXQJGHVDQGHUHQ
DEKHEW GHQQ$FKWXQJ ZLUG QRUPDOHUZHLVH JHUDGH GDQQ QLFKW HU]LHOW ZHQQ VLH LQWHQWLRQH
UHFWDDQJHVWUHEWZLUG±MHGHQIDOOVGLH$FKWXQJGHUHUDXIGLHHVDQNRPPW (LWOH0HQVFKHQ
P|JHQHVGXUFKDXVYRU]LHKHQGDVVPDQVLHXPZLUEWVWDWWVLFKXPGLH/|VXQJHLQHV6DFKSUREOHPVEHPKW (LQIUXFKWEDUHV*HVSUlFKGUHKWVLFKVWHWVXPHLQH6DFKHXQGQXUGLHMHQLJHQ
0HQVFKHQVLQGDOV3HUVRQHQLQWHUHVVDQWGLHYRQHLQHPVROFKHQ6DFKLQWHUHVVHEHVHHOWVLQG³
'DV.OlUHQYRQ6DFKHQXQGGDV6WlUNHQYRQ3HUVRQHQNDQQPDQQLFKWDXVHLQDQGHUGLYLGLHUHQ
6FKOLH‰OLFKLVWMDGDV/HEHQXQG(UOHEHQHLQHV%HVXFKHUVHEHQGLHÄ6DFKH³XPGLHHVJHKW
GHU*HJHQVWDQGGHV*HVSUlFKV*HJHQVWDQGZHUGHQVHLQH$QJVWVHLQH6RUJHQVHLQH)UDJHQ
VHLQHEHODVWHQGH9HUJDQJHQKHLWVHLQH(KHDXFKVHLQ+RIIHQVHLQ*OFNVHLQH'DQNEDUNHLW
±DOOGDVLVWHLQP|JOLFKHU*HVSUlFKVLQKDOWE]ZJHJHQVWDQG*HVSUlFKHLQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU
3UD[LVEHWUHIIHQGHQ%LOGXQJVSUR]HVVGHU3HUVRQXQGLKUH6HOEVWZLUNVDPNHLW,FKYHUVXFKH
GLH6HOEVWDQQDKPH]XXQWHUVWW]HQGLHGLH9RUDXVVHW]XQJGDIULVWGDVVVLFKHLQ0HQVFK
GHQ%OLFNLQGLHHLJHQH$EJUQGLJNHLWOHLVWHQNDQQXQGEHUHLWLVWDXIHLQ9HUVWHFNVSLHOYRU
VLFKVHOEVWXQGDQGHUHQ]XYHU]LFKWHQYRP6HOEVWEHWUXJXQGYRQ,OOXVLRQHQEHUGDV/HEHQ
DE]XODVVHQ XQG LQ GLHVHP 6LQQ GHVLOOXVLRQLHUW HUZDFKVHQ ]X ZHUGHQ 'HU =XVDPPHQKDQJ
YRQ6HOEVWELOGXQJXQGPHQVFKOLFKHU5HLIXQJLVWDXIVHOEVWNULWLVFKHV'HQNHQDOVhEXQJVZHJ
DQJHZLHVHQ:HQQGDHLQ3DUWQHURIIHQXQGSUlVHQWDOV*HJHQEHUGDLVWNDQQHLQÄ6LFK
9RUZDJHQDXIHLQ(QWJHJHQNRPPHQ]X³EHJLQQHQ
DXIGHUHLQHQRGHUGHUDQGHUQ6HLWHVRQGHUQJHZLVVHUPD‰HQÄ]ZLVFKHQ³GHQ6SUHFKHQGHQ8QWHUGHQ
QHXHUHQ3KLORVRSKHQKDWYRUDOOHP.DUO-DVSHUVGLH%HGHXWXQJGLHVHU$UWYRQ.RPPXQLNDWLRQKHUYRUJHKREHQ9RQLKPKDEHLFKJHOHUQWGDVVGHU6LQQGHVSKLORVRSKLVFKHQ'LDORJVQLFKWLP7HLOHQHLQHU
(LQVLFKWEHVWHKWRGHULQHLQHPJHPHLQVDPHU]LHOWHQ5HVXOWDWHWZDHLQHZDKUH$XVVDJH-DVSHUVVDJW
HVVHLGLH:DKUKHLWGLHHUVWDOV.RPPXQLNDWLRQGXUFKVLHZLUNOLFKZLUGLQLKUVHOEVWHQWVSULQJWXQG
IUVLHVLFKWEDUZLUGQLFKWYRUKHUIHVWVWHKHQGGDLVWXQGGDQQPLWJHWHLOWZLUG:DKUKHLWLVWDXFKQLFKW
GDV=LHOGDVGDQQDP(QGHRKQH.RPPXQLNDWLRQDQVLFKJOWLJLVW6RQGHUQGLH:DKUKHLWVHOEVWLVWLP
0LWHLQDQGHUVHLQGHU0HQVFKHQGXUFKGLH.RPPXQLNDWLRQLQGHUVLHHUVWVHOEVWZHUGHQ
9JOQRFKPDOV)X‰QRWH
9LWWRULR+|VOHDer philosophische Dialog0QFKHQ6
208
Dialog in philosophischer Praxis
S 7KRPDV*XWNQHFKW
'LHVHUVFK|QH$XVGUXFNVWDPPWYRQ.(/¡JVWUXSGHQPLUPHLQ.ROOHJH$QGHUV/LQGVHWKEHNDQQWJHPDFKWKDW$QGHUV/LQGVHWKVHOEVWKDWLP$QVFKOXVVDQGLH$UEHLWHQYRQ
/¡JVWUXSZLFKWLJH.RQVHTXHQ]HQIUGLH*HVSUlFKHLQGHU3KLORVRSKLVFKHQ3UD[LVJH]RJHQ
XQGKDWVHLQH(LQVLFKWHQ]XVDPPHQIDVVHQGYRUJHWUDJHQLQGHPZLFKWLJHQ$XIVDW]Ä9RQGHU
0HWKRGHGHU3KLORVRSKLVFKHQ3UD[LVDOVGLDORJLVFKHU%HUDWXQJ³,FKZLOOQLFKWGLHP|JOLFKHQ(LQZlQGHJHJHQÄ0HWKRGHQ³RGHUGHQ%HJULIIÄ%HUDWXQJ³YRUEULQJHQVRQGHUQDXIJUHLIHQZRUXPHVLQGHU+DXSWVDFKHJHKWQlPOLFKGDVVGDV3UD[LVJHVSUlFKHLQ3UR]HVVVHLQVROO
LQGHPHLQH/HEHQVWKHPDWLNKHUYRUWUHWHQNDQQ'LHVGDVVHLQH/HEHQVWKHPDWLNKHUYRUWULWW
LVWQLFKWVRVHOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFKZLHHVVFKHLQW0HQVFKHQVLQGLQYLHOHU+LQVLFKW2SIHULKUHU
VHOEVWXQGGDPLWPHLQHLFKGDVVVLHVLFKVHOEVWDXIGHQ/HLPJHKHQ6LHHU]lKOHQVLFKVHOEVW
LQGHP VLH *HVFKLFKWHQ ÄHU¿QGHQ³ GLH LQ HLQ JDQ]HV *HZHEH YRQ /JHQJHVFKLFKWHQ HLQJHZREHQVLQG,QHLQHUJDQ]NODVVLVFKHQ:HLVHNDQQPDQPLWGHP8QWHUVFKLHGYRQ6FKHLQ
XQG6HLQRSHULHUHQ6HOWHQZLUG(UOHEWHVVR]XU6SUDFKHJHEUDFKWXQGLQV%HZXVVWVHLQJHKREHQGDVVHVGHQWDWVlFKOLFKHQ8PVWlQGHQXQG9HUKlOWQLVVHQJHUHFKWZLUG8QVHU=XJULIIDXI
GLHHLJHQHQ(UIDKUXQJHQLVWJHIRUPWYRQ$XVGUXFNVP|JOLFKNHLWHQXQG%HJULIÀLFKNHLWHQGLH
GLH/JHEHJQVWLJHQ(VLVWGHVKDOEVFKRQYLHOJHZRQQHQZHQQEHUKDXSWHLQ2UWEHUHLW
JHVWHOOWZLUGDQGHPMHPDQGVLFKDQJHPHVVHQDXIGLH+HUDXVIRUGHUXQJHQHLQODVVHQNDQQ
GLHGDV/HEHQPLWVLFKEULQJW:LHOHLFKWNDQQHVJHVFKHKHQGDVVGLHNULWLVFKH8UWHLOVNUDIW
XQGVHOEVWlQGLJHV8UWHLOVYHUP|JHQDXVJHVFKDOWHWZHUGHQ]XPDOGDQQZHQQPDQEHVHVVHQ
LVWYRQGHU,GHHDOOHVULFKWLJPDFKHQ]XPVVHQ'LH.RORQLDOLVLHUXQJGHU/HEHQVZHOWGXUFK
6\VWHPHLVWHLQZLFKWLJHV)RUVFKXQJVWKHPDYRQ-UJHQ+DEHUPDVJHZHVHQ$QGHUV/LQGVHWK
JUHLIWGDVDXIXQGVDJWÄ'LH/RJLNGHU5LFKWLJNHLW³ZHOFKHGLH6\VWHPHUHSUlVHQWLHUHQ 2SWLPLHUXQJGXUFK6WHXHUXQJXQG6LFKHUXQJ ÄVROOYHUKLQGHUQGDVVZLU)HKOHUPDFKHQDEHU
GDGXUFKZHUGHQZLUVRVHKUGDPLWEHVFKlIWLJWDOOHVULFKWLJ]XPDFKHQVRGDVVZLUXQVQLFKW
PHKUIUDJHQREXQVHUULFKWLJHV7XQYLHOOHLFKWXQNOXJRGHUXQHWKLVFKLVW6RYHUVXFKHQZLU
QLFKWQXUGDV'XPPH]XYHUPHLGHQVRQGHUQZLUYHUOLHUHQDXFKGDV.OXJHDXVGHQ$XJHQ
'DPLWNDQQV\VWHPDWLVFKH5LFKWLJNHLW]XNRQVHTXHQWHU'XPPKHLWZHUGHQ8QGLFKIUFKWH
GDVVGLHVH.RQVHTXHQ]OHLFKWHUXQGVFKQHOOHUHLQWULIIWDOVZLUPHLQHQ³
,Q GHU 9HUDQWZRUWXQJ GHV 3KLORVRSKHQ VWHKW EHL HLQHP VROFKHQ *HVSUlFK GDVV HU GHP
6LHKH$QGHUV/LQGVHWKVon der Methode der Philosophischen Praxis als dialogischer Beratung,LQ
'HWOHI6WDXGH +J Methoden philosophischer Praxis. Ein Handbuch%LHOHIHOG6
9RQGLHVHU$QDO\VHDXVJHKHQGXQWHUVFKHLGHW/LQGVHWK]ZLVFKHQ$UWHQYRQ0HWKRGHQ'DVLVWVRZLFKWLJZHLOGDPLWJH]HLJWZHUGHQVROOZHOFKHU0HWKRGHQEHJULIIJHPHLQWLVWZHQQPDQEHUKDXSWYRQ
HLQHU *HVSUlFKVPHWKRGH VSUHFKHQ ZLOO (LQHUVHLWV JLEW HV VROFKH ÄGLH GLH 0|JOLFKNHLW ELHWHQ GDVV
LQHLQHPJHSODQWHQ3UR]HVVHWZDVHQWVWHKHQNDQQXQG0HWKRGHQGLHYHUKLQGHUQVROOHQGDVVHWZDV
1HXHV XQG 8QHUZDUWHWHV HLQWULIIW 0HWKRGHQ GHU HUVWHQ$UW ODGHQ JOHLFKVDP GDV /HEHQ HLQ HLJHQH
3UlPLVVHQ]XP$XVGUXFNNRPPHQ]XODVVHQZlKUHQG0HWKRGHQGHU]ZHLWHQ$UWDOOH3UlPLVVHQVHOEVW
VHW]HQXQGGDV*HVFKHKHQVWUHQJNRQWUROOLHUHQ'LHVH]ZHL0HWKRGHQDUWHQN|QQHQZLUGLDORJLVFKHXQG
PRQRORJLVFKH0HWKRGHQQHQQHQ:HQQZLUHLQHUGLDORJLVFKHQ0HWKRGHIROJHQEH¿QGHQZLUXQVLQ
HLQHP*HVSUlFK±PLW0HQVFKHQPLWGHU1DWXUPLWHLQHP0DWHULDO±XQGLQGLHVHP'LDORJZLUGVLFK
]HLJHQZDVP|JOLFKRGHUYHUQQIWLJLVW]XWXQRGHU]XPHLQHQ³,PDQGHUHQ)DOOGDVKHL‰WZHQQPDQ
PRQRORJLVFKHQ0HWKRGHQIROJWZLUGVWHWVYRP6XEMHNWEHVWLPPWZDVJHVFKHKHQVROO7ULIIWHWZDV
8QHUZDUWHWHVHLQZLUGPDQGLHPRQRORJLVFKHQ0HWKRGHQlQGHUQXQGYHUVXFKHQVLH]XYHUEHVVHUQ
$EHUPDQ|IIQHWVLFKQLFKWHLQHU%HJHJQXQJGLHGDV6XEMHNWYHUlQGHUQRGHULQ%HZHJXQJEULQJHQ
ZUGH
209
S pazio aperto
/HEHQVNXQGLJHQGHP*DVWDOVHLQ5HÀH[LRQVNXQGLJHUEHJHJQHW8PGHP*DVWLQGHU3KLORVRSKLVFKHQ3UD[LVGLHQHQ]XN|QQHQQLPPWGHU3UDNWLNHUVLFKXQGVHLQH$QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ
P|JOLFKVWYROOVWlQGLJDXVGHP6SLHO(UEOHLEWQDWUOLFKMHPDQGGHUVHLQHUVHLWVYRP/HEHQ
JHSUlJWLVW'RFKHUNDQQGDGXUFKGDVVHUVLFK]XUFNQLPPW5DXPJHEHQVRGDVVGHU$QGHUH ]XU 0LWWHLOXQJ NRPPW =XJOHLFK JLOW GHU 3UDNWLNHU EHJLQQW VLFK LP (UIDKUXQJVUDXP
GHV*DVWHV]XEHZHJHQ'DVLVWLQVRIHUQSDUDGR[DOVHUVLFKDXIGHQDQGHUHQHLQOlVVWLQGHP
HU±DXILKQK|UHQG±GLHVHQEHLsichHLQOlVVWHLQH$UWZXQGHUEDUHU7DXVFK+|UHQGWUHWHLFK
LQV/HEHQGHVDQGHUHQHLQEHJOHLWHLKQEHLGHPZDVHUVDJWXQGHUODXEHLKPLQGHPLFK
HVDXIJUHLIHXQGWKHPDWLVLHUHGDVVHULQVHLQHQ(U]lKOXQJHQ9DULDWLRQHQYHUVXFKWXQGVLFK
VR]XVDJHQLQDQGHUHQ0|JOLFKNHLWHQDXVSURELHUW'DVQHQQW*HUG$FKHQEDFKGDQQYLYL¿]LHren und dephlegmatisieren
'HU3KLORVRSKHPSIlQJWGHQ*DVWLQHLQHP5DXPYRQ$XIPHUNVDPNHLWXQG5FNKDOWORVLJNHLW'DVEUDXFKWDXFK9HUWUDXHQLQGLHHLJHQH3HUVRQbQJVWOLFKNHLWXQG8QVLFKHUKHLWLP
8PJDQJPLWDQGHUHQELQGHW]XVHKUXQGYHUOHLWHWGD]XVLFKGXUFK.RQ]HSWHXQG0DQXDOH
DE]XVLFKHUQ:HQQPDQYRUGHUHLJHQHQ&RXUDJH$QJVWEHNRPPWÀLHKWPDQ]XPRQRORJLVFKHQ0HWKRGHQ
/HRQGH+DDVYHUWULWWGLH$XIIDVVXQJGDVVHLQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UDNWLNHUVLFKDXFKQLFKW
HLQQHKPHQODVVHQGUIHYRQGHP3KlQRPHQDOVRLUJHQGHLQHU/HEHQVSUREOHPDWLNGLHPLW
GHP$QOLHJHQGHV*DVWHVYHUEXQGHQLVW6WDWWGHVVHQJHKHHVGDUXPGLH$UWXQG:HLVHwie er
GDYRQUHGHWLQGHQ%OLFN]XQHKPHQ(UIROJW:LWWJHQVWHLQXQGPHLQWQXUVRODVVHVLFKGHU
)OLHJHHLQ$XVZHJDXVGHP)OLHJHQJODVZHLVHQ0LWGHP%LOGGHV)OLHJHQJODVHVVHLGLHSHUV|QOLFKH.RQVWUXNWLRQGHU:HOWLP.RSIHLQHV0HQVFKHQJHPHLQWVHLQH'HVRULHQWLHUXQJGLH
]XVWDQGHNRPPHQNDQQZHQQHUVLFKVR]XVDJHQQLFKWULFKWLJVHOEVWHU]lKOW'HUEHWUHIIHQGH
0HQVFK LVW GD LQ VHLQH HLJHQHQ 'HXWXQJHQ YHUVWULFNW (V PDFKH HLQHQ JHZDOWLJHQ 8QWHUVFKLHGRELFKIRUPXOLHUHÄ'LH$QJVWNRPPWZLHGHU³RGHURELFKVDJHÄ,FKEHJLQQHPLFK
HUQHXW]XlQJVWLJHQ³,P]ZHLWHQ)DOOELQLFKLP%HJULIIDXVGHU2SIHUUROOHKHUDXV]XWUHWHQ
XQGLQHLQHQ'LDORJPLWPHLQHQ(UIDKUXQJHQ]XNRPPHQ
:LU N|QQHQ GDYRQ DXVJHKHQ GDVV DXFK GHU *DVW YLHO ]X JHEHQ KDW XQG GDVV XQV VHLQ
6FKLFNVDO ÄDXI HLQH VROFKH :HLVH EHUKUHQ NDQQ GDVV GLH %HZHJXQJ HLQHU ZHVHQWOLFKHQ
PHQVFKOLFKHQ(UIDKUXQJLQ*DQJNRPPW³ 'LHIROJHQGHQ=LWDWHYRQ$QGHUV/LQGVHWKZLH
$QPHUNXQJ 6LFK GDUDXI HLQODVVHQG ¿QGHW PDQ LQ GLH %HZHJXQJ GHV9HUVWHKHQV GLH
GHQ$XVGUXFN GHV *DVWHV anerkennt und zugleich erkennt:LU YHU]LFKWHQ GDEHL GDUDXI
'D]XDXFK$FKHQEDFKPLWGHP1HRORJLVPXVÄ(LQJHODVVHQKHLW³,QGHU%HUDWXQJELQLFK]XQlFKVWHLQPDOJHIRUGHUWDOVGHUGHUK|UW'DV=XK|UHQLVWGLH6HHOHGHV*HVSUlFKV0DQN|QQWHVDJHQGDV%LOG
IUGLH%HUDWXQJVVLWXDWLRQLVWGLHVGDVVLFKMHPDQGHPPHLQ2KUOHLKHhEULJHQVHLQJUR‰DUWLJHV%LOG
:HQQLFKPHLQ2KULKPOHLKHKDWHUHLQGULWWHV8QGGLHVHVGULWWH2KUKDWHU]XVHLQHU1XW]QLH‰XQJ
HUNDQQGDPLWK|UHQVLFKVHOEHUDOVVHLHVVHLQHLJHQHV$EHUJOHLFK]HLWLJLVWHVHEHQGRFKGDVHLQHV
DQGHUHQ8QGGLHVHIHLQH'LIIHUHQ]GLHPDFKWHLJHQWOLFKGLHSURGXNWLYH.UDIWGHV=XK|UHQVDXV,FK
KDEHLPPHUJHGDFKWGDIUPVVWHPDQHLQHLJHQHV:RUWHU¿QGHQIUGLHVH6LWXDWLRQGHV=XK|UHQV
8QGHVJLEWHLQ:RUWGDVLFKJHUQHYHUEUHLWHQZUGHGDVVWHKWQLFKWLP'XGHQ'LHVH6LWXDWLRQZUGH
LFKQHQQHQ(LQJHODVVHQKHLW'HUSKLORVRSKLVFKH3UDNWLNHUKDWVHLQHP*DVWJHJHQEHUGLH+DOWXQJGHU
(LQJHODVVHQKHLW]XEHQ'DVWHFNW*HODVVHQKHLWGULQGDVWHFNWVLFKHLQODVVHQGULQ'LHVH.RPELQDWLRQ
YRQ*HODVVHQKHLWXQGHLQODVVHQGLHVH(LQJHODVVHQKHLWLVWGLH%HUHLWVFKDIWIUHLQHQDQGHUHQGD]X
VHLQDOVGHUGHUHULVW1XUGDQQZHQQPLUGDVJHOLQJWPLFKDXIMHPDQGHQHLQ]XODVVHQKDWGHUDQGHUH
GLH&KDQFHVLFKVHLQHUVHLWV±ZDVLFKIULKQHUKRIIH±VLFK]XlQGHUQ
210
Dialog in philosophischer Praxis
S 7KRPDV*XWNQHFKW
LP9RUDXV]XZLVVHQZDVGHUDQGHUHPHLQWXQGVDJHQZLUGÄ:HQQZLUGDUDXIYHU]LFKWHQ
LP9RUDXV]XZLVVHQZRYRQGHU$XVGUXFNHLQHV*DVWHVKDQGHOWLQGHPZLUHVZDJHQGHQ
$XVGUXFN(LQGUXFNDXIXQVPDFKHQ]XODVVHQ±VR]XVDJHQXQJHVFKW]WGXUFKLUJHQGHLQ9RUZLVVHQVRWXQZLUGLHVXPGLH(U]lKOXQJXQG/HEHQVWKHPDWLNGHV*DVWHVHUOHEEDUXQGDQVFKDXOLFKHUVFKHLQHQODVVHQ]XN|QQHQ³'HU(IIHNW'DQQZLUGVLFKGHU*DVWDXIHLQHPHKU
EHZXVVWH:HLVHVHOEVWK|UHQN|QQHQ8QGGLHVHUODXEWLKPHUVWHLQHHLJHQVWlQGLJH2ULHQWLHUXQJLQGHP]X¿QGHQZDVHUVHOEVWVDJW'HU2UWGHU2ULHQWLHUXQJHQWVWHKWLP*HVSUlFK
ÄXQGGHU*DVWEHNRPPWGXUFKGDV*HVSUlFKHLQH0|JOLFKNHLW]X1HXRULHQWLHUXQJ'HU*DVW
EHJLQQWVHLQ/HEHQLQHLQHPQHXHQ/LFKW]XVHKHQ³
(VLVWGHU)HKOHUGHU8QHUIDKUHQHQ]XVFKQHOOZLVVHQ]XZROOHQZRUEHUGHU*DVWVSULFKW
XQGZRUXPHVLKPÄHLJHQWOLFK³JHKW0DQPXVVVLFKVWDWWGHVVHQHLQODVVHQDOVMHPDQGGHU
]XPHUVWHQ0DOHLQHHLQPDOLJH*HVFKLFKWHHUIlKUWXQGGDEHLLQV6WDXQHQJHUDWHQ'HU$QIlQJHULQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LVDQWL]LSLHUW(UIDKUXQJXQGJHUDGHGDVPDFKWJHK|UORVXQGEOLQG
JHJHQEHUGHQMHXUVSUQJOLFKHQ(UIDKUXQJHQ:HUÄHUIDKUHQ³WXWEULQJWVLFKJHUDGHXP(UIDKUXQJ
'LDORJ LVW GDV *HVFKHQN GHU 7HLOKDEH 6ROFKH 7HLOKDEH LVW YRU GHQ :|UWHUQ JHJHEHQ
YRU GHQ %HJULIIHQ YRU DOOHP ,GHQWL¿]LHUWHQ 'LH *UXQGDQQDKPH XQG *UXQGYRUDXVVHW]XQJ
GHU +HUPHQHXWLN XQG GHU 3KlQRPHQRORJLH EHVDJW GDVV XQVHU %HZXVVWVHLQ GHU :HOW QLFKW
YRQ HLQHU %HREDFKWXQJ GHU:HOW YRQ DX‰HQ VWDPPW VRQGHUQ DXV HLQHU7HLOKDEH DOVR GHP
%HZHJWZHUGHQYRQGHU:HOW(QWVFKHLGHQGLVWGDVVPDQYRQHWZDVEHUKUWRGHUHUJULIIHQLVW
QXUGDUDXVHQWZLFNHOWVLFKGDV9HUVWHKHQXPGDVVLFK*DVWXQG*DVWJHEHULQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU
3UD[LVEHPKHQZHQQVLHWDWVlFKOLFKLQGLDORJLVFKHU:HLVHLP*HVSUlFKYHUEXQGHQVLQG)U
GLHVHHFKWH%HJHJQXQJLVWGHU$XVGUXFNÄLQ.RQWDNWNRPPHQ³YLHO]XVFKZDFK3HULFKRUHVH
WULIIWHVVFKRQHKHU
$QGHUV/LQGVHWKYRQGHPLFKVRYLHOEHU3UD[LVJHVSUlFKHJHOHUQWXPQLFKW]XVDJHQ
DEJHVFKDXWKDEHVDJWGDVVGHU'LDORJLQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LVHLQ3UR]HVVZHUGHQVROOWHLQ
GHPHLQH/HEHQVWKHPDWLNKHUYRUWUHWHQNDQQ,QGLHVHP3UR]HVVN|QQH9RUZLVVHQMHJOLFKHU$UW
KLOIUHLFKRGHUDEHUDXFKKLQGHUOLFKVHLQ+LQGHUOLFKJHUDGHGDQQZHQQPDQPHLQWDOO]XJXW
0DQNDQQGHP(U]lKOWHQIROJHQZLHHLQHP5RPDQ8QGHLQHQ5RPDQOHVHQNDQQGLHJOHLFKH:LUNXQJ
KDEHQZLHHLQ*HVSUlFKLQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LV(VVFKHLQWGDVVGLH6HHOVRUJHLQ5XVVODQGGXUFKGLH
JUR‰HQUXVVLVFKHQ'LFKWHUJHOHLVWHWZLUGZREHLKLHUGLH'LIIHUHQ]YRQ6HHOVRUJH 3V\FKR 7KHUDSLH
XQG3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LVDXIJOFNOLFKH:HLVHXQWHUODXIHQZLUG:DVZLULQJUR‰HU$QVFKDXOLFKNHLW
PLWGHU.UDIWXQVHUHU)DQWDVLHDXIIDVVHQKDWVHLQHQ8UVSUXQJQLFKWQXULQXQV*HPHLQVDPPLWGHP
*DVWZHUGHQZLUPLWHLQHP2UWYHUWUDXWGHQZLUGDQQ]XVDPPHQHUIRUVFKHQN|QQHQ'DVJLEWGHP
*HVSUlFKVHLQH/HEHQGLJNHLWXQGEULQJWGLH3DUWQHUDXI$XJHQK|KH
6HOEVWZHQQPDQLQGHU(LQVWHOOXQJHWZDV%HGHXWHQGHVKHUDXVEULQJHQ]XZROOHQLQGHPZDVHU]lKOW
ZLUG]XHLQHUULFKWLJHQ'LDJQRVHNRPPWNDQQGLHVRPlFKWLJZHUGHQZLHXQVHUH6RQQHGLHPLWGHP
7DJHVOLFKWGDIUVRUJWQLFKWVYRQGHQ$EHUPLOOLRQHQ6WHUQHQ]XVHKHQ(VPXVVJOHLFKVDP1DFKWVHLQ
XP]XHQWGHFNHQGDVVHVYLHOH6RQQHQJLEW,FKZLOOGDV%LOGQLFKWEHUVWUDSD]LHUHQVRQGHUQQXUVDJHQGDVVHLQH]XWUHIIHQGH'LDJQRVHZLFKWLJHDQGHUH(LQVLFKWHQ]XGHUNRPSOH[H(U]lKOXQJHQIKUHQ
N|QQHQ YHUVWHOOHQ NDQQ 'LH (PSIlQJOLFKNHLW XQG GLH %HUHLWVFKDIW VLFK EHUKUHQ XQG EHZHJHQ ]X
ODVVHQVFKZLQGHQUDSLGH:HUIUDOOHVHLQH7KHRULHKDWYHUOHJWGDQQGDVYRP*DVW9RUJHEUDFKWHDQ
HLQHQIUHPGHQ2UW$XFKKLHUN|QQWHPDQ:LWWJHQVWHLQDOV=HXJHQEHPKHQGHUNULWLVLHUWGDVV3KLORVRSKHQPLWGHQ:|UWHUQGHU$OOWDJVVSUDFKH:RONHQNXFNXFNVKHLPHHUULFKWHQVLFKDEHUGHP/HEHQ
HQWIUHPGHQ
211
S pazio aperto
]XZLVVHQZDV6DFKHLVW=LHUGHGHV3KLORVRSKLVFKHQ3UDNWLNHUVLVWZHGHU:LVVHQQRFK(ORTXHQ]9LHOPHKUVFKPFNWLKQHLQHJHZLVVH%HJULIIVVWXW]LJNHLW'DVHUOHLFKWHUWGDV=XK|UHQ
GLHHLJHQWOLFKH.XQVW
:HQQHVQXQGDUXPJHKWGHP*DVW]XHUODXEHQVHLQ/HEHQ]XHU]lKOHQVWHKHQZLUYRUGHP
3DUDGR[ GDVV GLH 3KLORVRSKLVFKH 3UD[LV ]ZDU GLDORJLVFK YROO]RJHQ ZLUG DEHU QLFKW LQ GHU
*HVWDOWRGHU)RUPGHV'LDORJVVRQGHUQHEHQGHU(U]lKOXQJ'HQQHLJHQWOLFKJHVFKLHKWGDV
(U]lKOHQPHLVWRKQHGDVVHVHLQH=ZLHVSUDFKHLPIRUPDOHQ6LQQJlEHZHQQJOHLFKLQGLDORJLVFKHU$WPRVSKlUHXQGHEHQDXIÄJHVSUlFKLJH³:HLVH'HU*HVFKLFKWHQHU]lKOHQGH0HQVFK
GHPHLQDQGHUHU]XK|UW ]XK|UHQPXVV ZLOOZDVLKP]XVW|‰WLQVHLQ]HUULVVHQHV/HEHQLQWHJULHUHQ*HVFKLFKWHQHU]lKOHQ]XGUIHQEHGHXWHWPLWGHP=XIlOOLJHQLQV5HLQH]XNRPPHQ
(VZLUG,GHQWLWlWJHELOGHWHVJHKWXPGHQPRGXVYLYHQGLPLWGHU:DKUKHLWXQGQLFKW]XOHW]W
XP9HUJDQJHQKHLWVEHZlOWLJXQJDOVRXP%HIUHLXQJIUGDV+LHUXQG-HW]W
:RDEHUHLQZLUNOLFKHV=ZLHJHVSUlFK3ODW]JUHLIWPXVVPDQVLFK±GDVZlUHYRQ6RNUDWHV
]XOHUQHQ±XQEHOLHEWPDFKHQN|QQHQGHPDQGHUQ]XOLHEHvorGLHVHP LQGHVVHQ$QJHVLFKW WDSIHUVHLQLKQJHJHQVHLQHQYHUVWlQGOLFKHQ:XQVFKHVOHLFKWHU]XKDEHQLQ6FKXW]QHKPHQ
XQGIRUGHUQ(VJLEW]XYLHOH6FKPHLFKOHULQGLHVHU:HOW6LHKDOWHQVLFKYLHOOHLFKWIUK|ÀLFK
$EHULQ:DKUKHLWP|FKWHQVLHGHQ$QGHUHQVFKQHOOORVZHUGHQ'HVKDOEEHVWlUNHQVLHOLHEHU
DOVGDVVVLHZLGHUVSUHFKHQ3KLORVRSKLHDEHUHUOHLFKWHUWGDV/HEHQQLFKWVRQGHUQYHUWLHIWHV
'DQQK|UWGHU3UDNWLNHUDXFK2EHUW|QHXQGHLQHQ8QWHUWRQ'LHVHQEHVFKZHUHQGHQ5HLFKWXP
KDQGHOWVLFKGHU*DVWLQGHU3KLORVRSKLVFKHQ3UD[LVHLQ±XQGEH]DKOWGDIUVRJDU LQYHUVFKLHGHQHU+LQVLFKWKDWGLHVVHLQHQ3UHLV Ä,QGHPPDQHLQHPDQGHUHQVHLQH)UDJHQVFKZHUPDFKW
QLPPWPDQLKQHUQVWXQGLQGHPPDQLKQHUQVWQLPPWEHNRPPWVHLQ/HEHQHLQ*HZLFKW
3KLORVRSKLVFKH3UD[LVLVWNHLQH(UOHLFKWHUXQJVRQGHUQHLQH(UVFKZHUXQJGHU9HUWLHIXQJVDEVLFKWZHJHQ0DQN|QQWHJHUDGH]XLQHLQHP%LOGVDJHQ:HUSKLORVRSKLVFKEHODVWHWZLUGGHU
KlQJWZLHHLQ6FKLIIWLHIHULP:DVVHUXQGGHU.LHOJHKWUXKLJHU'RUWZRHUHUOHLFKWHUWZLUG
GDZDFNHOWGDV6FKLIIFKHQREHQDXIMHGHU:HOOH³'LHÄ0HWKRGH³GHU3KLORVRSKLVFKHQ3UD[LVVROODOVRQLFKWVLFKHUVWHOOHQGDVVHLQYRUDXVJHSODQWHV=LHOHUUHLFKWZLUGVRQGHUQVLHVROO
HUP|JOLFKHQGDVVGUlQJHQGH7KHPHQGHV/HEHQVEHVSURFKHQZHUGHQN|QQHQ'LHVHV%HVSUHFKHQYRQXQXPJlQJOLFKHQ/HEHQVWKHPHQIKUW]XP%HZXVVWZHUGHQYRQ:HVHQWOLFKHP(V
EUDXFKW=HLWGLH=HLWDQGLH3ODWRQLP%ULHIHULQQHUW
,FKVFKOLH‰HPLWGHU]XVDPPHQIDVVHQGHQ7KHVH'LH3KLORVRSKLHGLHHWZDVWDXJWLVW±RE
LQ3KLORVRSKLVFKHU3UD[LVRGHUDQGHUVZR±3KLORVRSKLHUHQLP*HVSUlFK3KLORVRSKLHLVWNHLQH/HKUHVRQGHUQ3UD[LV3UD[LVGHU3KLORVRSKLH3KLORVRSKLHUHQ7KHPDGHV3KLORVRSKLHUHQV
VLQGGLHZLFKWLJHQPHQVFKOLFKHQ$QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ)ROJHQZLUGHU,QWXLWLRQGHUELRJUD¿VFK
RULHQWLHUWHQ 3KLORVRSKLH GHU$QWLNH EHVWHKW GDV 0HQVFKOLFKH VHOEVW ZHVHQWOLFK LP 'LDORJ
'DQQLVWGLH3KLORVRSKLVFKH3UD[LVHLQDXVJH]HLFKQHWHU2UWGHU0HQVFKZHUGXQJGHV0HQVFKHQ
(LQXQXPJlQJOLFKHV7KHPDGHU0HQVFKHQLVWDXFKGLH(QJHGHU=HLW6LHEHGUlQJWPLFK
'LH%LOGZRUWHJHKHQ]XUFNDXI5GLJHU6DIUDQVNL
3KLORVRSKLHLVWLP*DQ]HQGLDORJLVFKYHUIDVVW$OOHLQVFKRQEHUGLH)UDJHZDVGHQQ3KLORVRSKLH GDV
3KLORVRSKLHUHQ VHLEH¿QGHQZLU3KLORVRSKLHUHQGHXQVLQHLQHPHQGORVHQ*HVSUlFK8PHVPLWHLQHP
:RUWYRQ%ODLVH3DVFDODXIGLH6SLW]H]XWUHLEHQ$XFKZHUVLFKQXUEHU3KLORVRSKLHOXVWLJPDFKW
SKLORVRSKLHUWEHUHLWV0DQNDQQQLFKWQLFKWSKLORVRSKLHUHQXP3DXO:DW]ODZLFN]XSDURGLHUHQ2GHU
PLW.DUO3RSSHUJHVDJW$OOH0HQVFKHQVLQG3KLORVRSKHQQXUWDXJWQLFKWMHGH3KLORVRSKLHHWZDV
212
Herunterladen