Oracle 12c Neuheiten
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Oracle 12c Neuheiten Seminarunterlage Version: 12.15 Copyright ORDIX AG Version 12.15 vom 8. November 2016 Dieses Dokument wird durch die ORDIX AG veröffentlicht. Copyright ORDIX AG. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Alle Produkt- und Dienstleistungs-Bezeichnungen sind Warenzeichen oder eingetragene Warenzeichen der jeweiligen Firmen und beziehen sich auf Eintragungen in den USA oder USA-Warenzeichen. Weitere Logos und Produkt- oder Handelsnamen sind eingetragene Warenzeichen oder Warenzeichen der jeweiligen Unternehmen. Kein Teil dieser Dokumentation darf ohne vorherige schriftliche Genehmigung der ORDIX AG weitergegeben oder benutzt werden. Adressen der ORDIX AG Die ORDIX AG besitzt folgende Geschäftsstellen ORDIX AG Karl-Schurz-Straße19a D-33100 Paderborn Tel.: (+49) 0 52 51 / 10 63 - 0 Fax.: (+49) 01 80 / 1 67 34 90 ORDIX AG Kreuzberger Ring 13 D-65205 Wiesbaden Tel.: (+49) 06 11 / 7 78 40 – 00 Fax.: (+49) 01 80 / 1 67 34 90 ORDIX AG An der alten Ziegelei 5 D-48157 Münster Tel.: (+49) 02 51 / 9 24 35 – 00 Fax.: (+49) 01 80 / 1 67 34 90 ORDIX AG Wikingerstraße 18-20 D-51107 Köln Tel.: (+49) 02 21 / 8 70 61 – 0 Fax.: (+49) 01 80 / 1 67 34 90 ORDIX AG Welser Strasse 9 D-86368 Gersthofen Tel.: (+49) 08 21 / 507 492 – 0 Fax.: (+49) 01 80 / 1 67 34 90 Internet: http://www.ordix.de Email: [email protected] Seite 2 Oracle 12c Neuheiten Version: 12.15 Copyright ORDIX AG Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Installation .................................................................................................................................. 11 1.1 1.2 1.3 2 Neuerungen SQL und PL/SQL ................................................................................................. 30 2.1 2.2 3 Installation der Oracle Software 12c ................................................................................. 12 1.1.1 Überblick............................................................................................................... 12 1.1.2 Silent-Installation-Mode ........................................................................................ 13 1.1.2.1 Installation der Binaries ........................................................................... 13 1.1.2.2 Response File .......................................................................................... 14 1.1.3 Graphical Mode .................................................................................................... 16 1.1.3.1 Installation der Binaries ........................................................................... 16 1.1.3.2 Erstellen einer NON-CDB ........................................................................ 17 1.1.3.3 Installation einer CDB .............................................................................. 18 1.1.3.4 Installation PDB ....................................................................................... 19 Upgrade............................................................................................................................. 20 1.2.1 Überblick............................................................................................................... 20 1.2.2 Direktes Upgrade ................................................................................................. 21 1.2.3 Automatisiertes Upgrade mit dem DBUA ............................................................. 22 1.2.4 Manuelles Upgrade .............................................................................................. 23 1.2.5 Upgrade mittels DBUA im Silent Mode ................................................................ 26 1.2.6 Transportable Datenbank ..................................................................................... 27 Bisher bekannte Probleme ................................................................................................ 28 Neuerungen SQL .............................................................................................................. 31 2.1.1 Default Erweiterungen .......................................................................................... 31 2.1.1.1 Sequenzen .............................................................................................. 31 2.1.1.2 NULL Werte ............................................................................................. 32 2.1.1.3 Identity Columns ...................................................................................... 33 2.1.1.4 Default Values bei ADD COLUMN .......................................................... 35 2.1.2 Invisible Columns ................................................................................................. 36 2.1.3 Funktion APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT .............................................................. 37 2.1.4 In Database Archiving .......................................................................................... 38 2.1.5 Extended Datatypes ............................................................................................. 39 2.1.5.1 Überblick .................................................................................................. 39 2.1.5.2 Umstellung ............................................................................................... 40 2.1.6 LIMIT Klausel ....................................................................................................... 41 2.1.7 ANSI Join Erweiterungen ..................................................................................... 42 2.1.8 Verbesserte OUTER JOIN Syntax ....................................................................... 43 2.1.9 Temporal Validity (Flashback) .............................................................................. 44 2.1.9.1 Überblick .................................................................................................. 44 2.1.9.2 Erstellung ................................................................................................. 45 2.1.9.3 Abfrage .................................................................................................... 46 2.1.9.4 Verknüpfung mit alter Flashback Technologie ........................................ 47 2.1.10 Translation Framework......................................................................................... 48 2.1.11 Unicode / UCA ...................................................................................................... 49 2.1.11.1 Überblick .................................................................................................. 49 2.1.11.2 UCA – Stufen der Sortierung ................................................................... 50 PL/SQL .............................................................................................................................. 51 2.2.1 Implict Result Sets ................................................................................................ 51 2.2.2 Result Cache ........................................................................................................ 52 2.2.3 Library Objekte ..................................................................................................... 53 2.2.4 Accessible By Klausel .......................................................................................... 54 2.2.5 Expand_SQL_Text ............................................................................................... 55 2.2.6 UTL_Call_Stack ................................................................................................... 56 2.2.7 Inquiry Directive .................................................................................................... 59 2.2.8 PLSQL in der SQL-With-Klausel .......................................................................... 60 2.2.9 PLSQL-Only Datentypen ...................................................................................... 61 Neuerungen Administration ..................................................................................................... 62 Version: 12.15 Copyright ORDIX AG Seite 3 Oracle 12c Neuheiten Inhaltsverzeichnis 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Patch Informationen .......................................................................................................... 63 Windows - ORACLE HOME User ..................................................................................... 65 DDL online......................................................................................................................... 67 Datafile Move .................................................................................................................... 68 Securefiles......................................................................................................................... 69 3.5.1 Überblick............................................................................................................... 69 3.5.2 Erweiterungen ...................................................................................................... 70 3.6 Reorganisation .................................................................................................................. 71 3.6.1 Überblick............................................................................................................... 71 3.6.2 Reorganisation in einem Schritt ........................................................................... 72 3.6.3 Erweiterung beim FINISH_REDEF_TABLE ......................................................... 73 3.6.4 Reorganisation mehrerer Partitionen ................................................................... 74 3.6.5 Online Reorganisation bei Tabellen mit VPD Policies ......................................... 75 3.7 Data Pump ........................................................................................................................ 77 3.7.1 Überblick............................................................................................................... 77 3.7.2 Logtime Parameter ............................................................................................... 78 3.7.3 Erweiterte Komprimierung .................................................................................... 79 3.7.4 Import komprimierter Tabellen ............................................................................. 80 3.7.5 LOB Segmente ..................................................................................................... 81 3.7.6 Export einer View als Tabelle ............................................................................... 82 3.7.7 Nologging Import .................................................................................................. 83 3.7.8 Verschlüsselung ................................................................................................... 84 3.8 SQL*Loader....................................................................................................................... 85 3.8.1 dNFS Support ....................................................................................................... 85 3.8.2 Auditing bei Direct Load ....................................................................................... 86 3.8.3 Express Mode ...................................................................................................... 87 3.8.3.1 Überblick .................................................................................................. 87 3.9 Migration von Zeichensätzen (Unicode) ........................................................................... 89 3.10 Operation System Processor Groups ............................................................................... 90 3.10.1 Problemstellung .................................................................................................... 90 3.10.2 Parameter PROCESSOR_GROUP_NAME ......................................................... 91 3.10.3 Dynamisch anpassbar .......................................................................................... 92 4 Neuerungen Data Warehouse .................................................................................................. 93 4.1 4.2 4.3 Oracle Partitionierung ....................................................................................................... 94 4.1.1 Historie ................................................................................................................. 94 4.1.2 Arten der Partitionierung ...................................................................................... 95 4.1.2.1 Range Partitionierung .............................................................................. 96 4.1.2.2 Hash Partitionierung ................................................................................ 97 4.1.2.3 List Partitionierung ................................................................................... 98 4.1.2.4 System Partitionierung ............................................................................ 99 4.1.3 Neuerungen im Überblick ................................................................................... 100 4.1.4 Global Index Maintenance.................................................................................. 101 4.1.4.1 Überblick ................................................................................................ 101 4.1.4.2 Nachpflege der Indizes .......................................................................... 102 4.1.5 Partition Cascade ............................................................................................... 103 4.1.5.1 Truncate Partition Cascade ................................................................... 104 4.1.5.2 Exchange Partition Cascade ................................................................. 105 4.1.6 INTERVAL im REF Partitioning .......................................................................... 106 4.1.7 Verschieben von Partitionen ohne DML Lock .................................................... 107 4.1.8 Erweiterte Indexverfahren .................................................................................. 108 4.1.8.1 Partielle Indizes ..................................................................................... 109 4.1.9 Verbesserte Maintenance – Massenaktionen .................................................... 110 Materialized Views .......................................................................................................... 111 4.2.1 Refresh Methoden .............................................................................................. 111 4.2.2 Out Of Place Refresh ......................................................................................... 112 4.2.3 Synchronous Refresh ......................................................................................... 113 Flashback Data Archive .................................................................................................. 114 4.3.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 114 Seite 4 Oracle 12c Neuheiten Version: 12.15 Copyright ORDIX AG Inhaltsverzeichnis 4.3.2 4.4 4.5 5 Neuerungen ........................................................................................................ 115 4.3.2.1 User Context Tracking ........................................................................... 116 4.3.2.2 Database Hardening.............................................................................. 117 4.3.2.3 Nachträgliche Historisierung ................................................................. 118 4.3.2.4 Optimierung ........................................................................................... 119 Komprimierung ................................................................................................................ 120 4.4.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 120 4.4.2 Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) ........................................................... 121 4.4.3 Storage Klassen ................................................................................................. 122 4.4.4 Heat Map ............................................................................................................ 123 4.4.5 Policies ............................................................................................................... 124 4.4.6 Views .................................................................................................................. 125 4.4.7 Advanced Index Compression ........................................................................... 126 In Memory Option ............................................................................................................ 127 4.5.1 Voraussetzungen / Anwendungsbeispiele ......................................................... 127 4.5.2 Dual Format ........................................................................................................ 128 4.5.3 Setup .................................................................................................................. 129 4.5.4 Aktivierungen ...................................................................................................... 130 4.5.5 DBA_TABLES View ........................................................................................... 132 4.5.6 Priority ................................................................................................................ 133 4.5.7 Compression ...................................................................................................... 134 4.5.8 Schnelligkeit ....................................................................................................... 135 4.5.9 Statistiken und Ausführungsplan ........................................................................ 136 4.5.10 Überblick über die Views .................................................................................... 137 4.5.11 Beispiel ............................................................................................................... 138 Neuerungen Tuning................................................................................................................. 140 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 Enterprise Manager Database Express .......................................................................... 141 PGA ................................................................................................................................. 142 Adaptive Optimizer-Pläne ............................................................................................... 143 Statistiken (dbms_stats) .................................................................................................. 144 5.4.1 Überblick und Historie ........................................................................................ 144 5.4.2 Neuerungen im Überblick ................................................................................... 145 5.4.2.1 Concurrent Statistics ............................................................................. 146 5.4.2.2 Extended Statistics ................................................................................ 147 5.4.2.3 Dynamic Statistics ................................................................................. 148 5.4.2.4 Incremental Statistics ............................................................................ 149 5.4.2.5 System Statistics ................................................................................... 150 5.4.2.6 Histogramme ......................................................................................... 151 5.4.2.7 Automatische Statistikerzeugung beim BULK Load .............................. 152 5.4.2.8 Statistiken bei temporären Tabellen ...................................................... 153 Concurrent Parallel bei UNION und UNION ALL ............................................................ 154 Flash Cache .................................................................................................................... 155 Parallelität........................................................................................................................ 156 Big Table Cache .............................................................................................................. 157 Force Database Caching ................................................................................................ 158 Multiple Indizes................................................................................................................ 159 Netzwerk Optimierungen ................................................................................................. 160 Direct NFS ....................................................................................................................... 161 Informationen bei schlechten IO-Zeiten .......................................................................... 162 Neues Prozess Modell unter UNIX ................................................................................. 163 5.14.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 163 5.14.2 Aktivierung .......................................................................................................... 164 5.14.3 Beispiel Prozesse ............................................................................................... 165 5.14.4 Beispiel Authentifizierung ................................................................................... 166 Real Time Monitoring ...................................................................................................... 167 5.15.1 Übersicht ............................................................................................................ 167 5.15.2 dbms_sql_monitor .............................................................................................. 168 5.15.3 Ausgabe in der GUI ............................................................................................ 169 Resource Manager .......................................................................................................... 170 Version: 12.15 Copyright ORDIX AG Seite 5 Oracle 12c Neuheiten Inhaltsverzeichnis 5.16.1 Run Away Queries ............................................................................................. 170 5.16.1.1 Überblick ................................................................................................ 170 5.16.1.2 Beispiel 1 ............................................................................................... 171 5.16.1.3 Beispiel 2 ............................................................................................... 172 5.17 ADDM .............................................................................................................................. 173 5.17.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 173 5.17.2 Spot ADDM ........................................................................................................ 174 5.18 Database Replay ............................................................................................................. 175 6 Neuerungen Security .............................................................................................................. 176 6.1 Spezielle Rechte ............................................................................................................. 177 6.1.1 Separation of Duty für Administratoren .............................................................. 177 6.2 Password Complexity Check .......................................................................................... 178 6.3 RESOURCE Rolle ........................................................................................................... 179 6.4 Einschränkungen Leseberechtigungen auf das DD ....................................................... 180 6.4.1 Rechteüberprüfung............................................................................................. 181 6.5 Last Login Time Information............................................................................................ 182 6.6 Code-Based Security ...................................................................................................... 183 6.7 Unified Auditing ............................................................................................................... 184 6.7.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 184 6.7.2 Aktivierung .......................................................................................................... 185 6.7.3 Funktionsumfang ................................................................................................ 186 6.7.4 Ablageort und Zugriff .......................................................................................... 187 6.7.5 Separation of Duty für Audit Administratoren ..................................................... 188 6.7.6 Schreibmodus .................................................................................................... 189 6.7.7 Beispiele ............................................................................................................. 190 6.7.8 Auditing Data Pump ........................................................................................... 191 6.7.9 Löschen von Audit Einträgen ............................................................................. 192 6.8 Verschlüsselung .............................................................................................................. 193 6.8.1 Historie und Ausblick .......................................................................................... 193 6.8.2 Überblick neue Funktionalitäten ......................................................................... 194 6.8.3 Rechteverwaltung ............................................................................................... 195 6.8.4 Keystore Typen .................................................................................................. 196 6.8.5 Einrichtung der Keystore Location ..................................................................... 197 6.8.6 Generierung und Öffnen von Keystores ............................................................. 198 6.8.6.1 Öffnen des erzeugten Keystores ........................................................... 199 6.8.7 Setzen und Zurücksetzen des Master Keys....................................................... 200 6.8.8 Views .................................................................................................................. 201 6.8.9 Keystore Management ....................................................................................... 202 6.8.9.1 Passwortwechsel ................................................................................... 203 6.8.9.2 Backup ................................................................................................... 204 6.8.9.3 Zusammenführung ................................................................................ 205 6.8.9.4 Schließen ............................................................................................... 206 6.8.9.5 Verschieben ........................................................................................... 207 6.8.10 Management von Schlüsseln ............................................................................. 208 6.8.10.1 Anlegen eines Schlüssels ..................................................................... 209 6.8.10.2 Aktivierung eines Schlüssels ................................................................. 211 6.8.10.3 Attribute ................................................................................................. 212 6.8.10.4 Export des Schlüssels ........................................................................... 214 6.8.10.5 Import des Schlüssels ........................................................................... 215 6.9 VPD Policies.................................................................................................................... 216 6.10 Data Redaction................................................................................................................ 217 6.10.1 Begriffsklärung ................................................................................................... 217 6.10.2 Methoden ........................................................................................................... 218 6.10.3 EXEMPT Redaction Policy ................................................................................. 219 6.10.4 Prozeduren ......................................................................................................... 220 6.10.5 Einschränkungen ................................................................................................ 221 6.10.6 add_policy .......................................................................................................... 222 6.10.7 Update_full_redaction_values ............................................................................ 224 Seite 6 Oracle 12c Neuheiten Version: 12.15 Copyright ORDIX AG Inhaltsverzeichnis 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 7 6.10.8 Alter_policy ......................................................................................................... 225 6.10.9 Random Redaction ............................................................................................. 227 6.10.10 Regexp Redaction .............................................................................................. 228 6.10.11 Data Redaction Views ........................................................................................ 229 6.10.12 Schnittstellen / Abgrenzung ............................................................................... 230 Transparent Sensitive Data Protection (TSDP) ............................................................. 232 6.11.1 Vorgehensweise ................................................................................................. 232 6.11.2 Erstellen Sensitive Type / Definition der sensitiven Spalten .............................. 233 6.11.3 Policy erstellen ................................................................................................... 234 6.11.4 Verknüpfung und Aktivierung ............................................................................. 235 Neuer Hashalgorithmus SHA-2 ....................................................................................... 236 6.12.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 236 6.12.2 dbms_crypto – Hashfunktionen .......................................................................... 237 6.12.3 Beispiel ............................................................................................................... 238 Database Masking and Subsetting ................................................................................. 239 Database Vault / Label Security ...................................................................................... 240 6.14.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 240 6.14.2 Neuerungen ........................................................................................................ 241 Neuerungen Backup und Recovery....................................................................................... 242 7.1 7.2 7.3 Recovery Manager .......................................................................................................... 243 7.1.1 Konzept .............................................................................................................. 243 7.1.2 Separation of Duty.............................................................................................. 245 7.1.3 Command Line Erweiterungen ........................................................................... 248 7.1.4 Table Recovery .................................................................................................. 249 7.1.4.1 Überblick ................................................................................................ 249 7.1.4.2 Beispiele ................................................................................................ 250 7.1.5 Duplicate Database ............................................................................................ 251 7.1.5.1 Überblick ................................................................................................ 251 7.1.5.2 NOOPEN Option ................................................................................... 252 7.1.5.3 Vorgehensweise Active Database Duplication ...................................... 253 7.1.6 Cross Platform Backuput & Restore .................................................................. 254 7.1.6.1 Überblick ................................................................................................ 254 7.1.6.2 Vorgehensweise beim Backup .............................................................. 255 7.1.6.3 Vorgehensweise beim Restore ............................................................. 256 7.1.7 Multi Section Image Copies und Incremental Backups ...................................... 257 7.1.8 Snapshots (Third Party) ..................................................................................... 258 7.1.8.1 Backup Optimierung .............................................................................. 258 7.1.8.2 Recover Optimierung............................................................................. 259 7.1.9 Recovery Catalog ............................................................................................... 260 Data Guard ...................................................................................................................... 261 7.2.1 Konzept .............................................................................................................. 261 7.2.2 Real Time Apply ................................................................................................. 262 7.2.3 Einfacher Rollentausch ...................................................................................... 263 7.2.4 Überprüfung der Möglichkeit eines Switchovers ................................................ 264 7.2.5 Network Restore in Verbindung mit Data Guard ................................................ 265 Data Guard Broker .......................................................................................................... 266 7.3.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 266 7.3.2 Separation of Duty.............................................................................................. 267 7.3.3 Advanced Manageability .................................................................................... 269 7.3.3.1 validate database .................................................................................. 269 7.3.3.2 Beispiel auf Primary Database .............................................................. 270 7.3.3.3 Beispiel auf Standby Database ............................................................. 271 7.3.4 Wiederholbarer Switchover ................................................................................ 272 7.3.5 Fast Sync ........................................................................................................... 273 7.3.5.1 Überblick ................................................................................................ 273 7.3.5.2 Syntax .................................................................................................... 274 7.3.6 Kaskadierende Data Guards .............................................................................. 275 7.3.6.1 Überblick ................................................................................................ 275 7.3.6.2 Beispiel .................................................................................................. 276 Version: 12.15 Copyright ORDIX AG Seite 7 Oracle 12c Neuheiten Inhaltsverzeichnis 7.4 7.5 8 Active Data Guard ........................................................................................................... 277 7.4.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 277 7.4.2 Erweiterte Sicherheit .......................................................................................... 278 7.4.3 Temporäre Tabellen ........................................................................................... 279 7.4.4 Sequenzen ......................................................................................................... 280 7.4.5 Session Sequenzen ........................................................................................... 281 7.4.6 Kaskadierender Active Data Guard .................................................................... 282 7.4.7 Far Sync ............................................................................................................. 283 7.4.7.1 Prinzip .................................................................................................... 283 7.4.7.2 Fehlerfall ................................................................................................ 284 7.4.7.3 Details .................................................................................................... 285 Rolling Upgrade .............................................................................................................. 286 7.5.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 286 7.5.2 Datatypes ........................................................................................................... 287 7.5.2.1 Supported Datatypes ............................................................................. 287 7.5.2.2 Unsupported Datatypes ......................................................................... 288 7.5.2.3 Unsupported Tables .............................................................................. 289 7.5.3 XDB Repository .................................................................................................. 290 7.5.4 Disaster Protection ............................................................................................. 291 7.5.5 Advanced Queuing Support ............................................................................... 292 7.5.6 Data Guard Broker Support................................................................................ 293 7.5.7 Oracle Scheduler Support .................................................................................. 294 7.5.8 Active Data Guard .............................................................................................. 295 7.5.8.1 Durchführung ......................................................................................... 295 7.5.8.2 Physical Groups .................................................................................... 297 7.5.9 Extended Datatype Support (EDS) .................................................................... 298 7.5.10 XML Datatypes ................................................................................................... 300 7.5.11 Secure Files ....................................................................................................... 301 Multitenant ............................................................................................................................... 302 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 Einführung ....................................................................................................................... 303 8.1.1 Themenüberblick ................................................................................................ 303 8.1.2 Optionen ............................................................................................................. 304 8.1.3 CDB versus Non-CDB ........................................................................................ 305 Definitionen – neue Begrifflichkeiten ............................................................................... 306 Paradigmen Wechsel ...................................................................................................... 308 8.3.1 Bestandteile des DBMS ..................................................................................... 308 8.3.2 Dynamische Anteile............................................................................................ 310 8.3.3 Dateien in der CDB und in der PDB ................................................................... 311 8.3.4 Data Dictionary ................................................................................................... 313 Marketing – Vorteile einer CDB/PDB .............................................................................. 314 8.4.1 Konsolidierung, Bereitstellung und Administration ............................................. 314 8.4.2 Mandantenfähigkeit ............................................................................................ 316 8.4.3 Isolation .............................................................................................................. 317 8.4.4 Erstellen einer Datenbank .................................................................................. 319 8.4.5 Portabilität .......................................................................................................... 320 8.4.6 Patching und Migration....................................................................................... 321 8.4.7 Datenbank Cloning ............................................................................................. 322 8.4.8 Data Guard ......................................................................................................... 323 8.4.9 Backup & Recovery ............................................................................................ 324 Provisioning ..................................................................................................................... 325 8.5.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 325 8.5.2 Erzeugen einer CDB .......................................................................................... 326 8.5.2.1 Erstellen per Skript ................................................................................ 327 8.5.2.2 Erstellung per dbca im Silent Mode ....................................................... 328 8.5.2.3 Erzeugen per dbca im grafischen Modus .............................................. 329 8.5.2.4 Views ..................................................................................................... 330 8.5.3 Erzeugen einer PDB........................................................................................... 331 8.5.3.1 Überblick ................................................................................................ 331 Seite 8 Oracle 12c Neuheiten Version: 12.15 Copyright ORDIX AG Inhaltsverzeichnis 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 9 8.5.3.2 Erzeugen aus der SEED DB ................................................................. 332 8.5.3.3 Erzeugen mittels dbca im Silent Mode .................................................. 333 8.5.3.4 Erzeugen durch Klonen aus einer anderen PDB (lokale Kopie) ........... 334 8.5.3.5 Erzeugen durch Klonen aus einer anderen PDB (remote Kopie) ......... 335 8.5.3.6 Erzeugen über dbms_pdb (aus einer Non-CDB) .................................. 336 8.5.3.7 Erstellen über Replikation ..................................................................... 338 8.5.4 Löschen einer PDB ............................................................................................ 339 Portability......................................................................................................................... 340 8.6.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 340 8.6.2 Ausklinken von PDBs ......................................................................................... 341 8.6.3 Einklinken von PDBs .......................................................................................... 343 8.6.3.1 Überblick ................................................................................................ 343 8.6.3.2 Einklinken mit der NOCOPY Methode .................................................. 344 8.6.3.3 Einklinken mit der COPY Methode ........................................................ 345 8.6.3.4 Einklinken mit der AS CLONE MOVE Methode .................................... 346 Maintenance .................................................................................................................... 347 8.7.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 347 8.7.2 Administration der CDB ...................................................................................... 348 8.7.3 Öffnen einer PDB ............................................................................................... 349 8.7.4 Schließen von PDBs .......................................................................................... 351 8.7.5 Verwalten von Tablespaces ............................................................................... 352 8.7.6 Zugriff auf CDB und PDB ................................................................................... 353 8.7.7 Umbenennen einer PDB .................................................................................... 354 8.7.8 Lesen über PDB Grenzen .................................................................................. 355 Data Dictionary Views ..................................................................................................... 356 8.8.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 356 8.8.2 CON-ID Spalte ................................................................................................... 357 Adaptality – Parameter und Konfiguration ...................................................................... 358 8.9.1 Initialisierungsparameter .................................................................................... 358 8.9.1.1 Überblick ................................................................................................ 358 8.9.1.2 Parameter- Anpassungen an CDB und PDB ........................................ 359 8.9.2 Konfiguration ...................................................................................................... 360 Security ........................................................................................................................... 361 8.10.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 361 8.10.2 Benutzer - Konzept ............................................................................................. 362 8.10.3 Benutzer – Erstellung ......................................................................................... 363 8.10.4 Rollen ................................................................................................................. 364 Backup & Recovery ......................................................................................................... 365 8.11.1 Überblick............................................................................................................. 365 8.11.2 Gesamtsicherung ............................................................................................... 367 8.11.3 Backup der CDB ................................................................................................. 368 8.11.4 Backup von PDBs .............................................................................................. 369 8.11.5 Sicherung einzelner Tablespaces ...................................................................... 370 8.11.6 Recovery ............................................................................................................ 371 8.11.7 Flashback ........................................................................................................... 372 Resource Manager .......................................................................................................... 373 8.12.1 Problembeschreibung ........................................................................................ 373 8.12.2 Verwalten von Ressourcen ................................................................................ 374 Seiteneffekte ................................................................................................................... 375 8.13.1 Data Guard ......................................................................................................... 375 8.13.2 Scheduler ........................................................................................................... 376 Neuerungen Oracle Real Application Cluster (RAC) ........................................................... 377 9.1 ASM Neuerungen ............................................................................................................ 378 9.1.1 Flex ASM ............................................................................................................ 378 9.1.1.1 Historie................................................................................................... 378 9.1.1.2 Überblick ................................................................................................ 379 9.1.1.3 Vorteile .................................................................................................. 380 9.1.1.4 Befehle .................................................................................................. 381 9.1.2 ASM Srubbing .................................................................................................... 382 Version: 12.15 Copyright ORDIX AG Seite 9 Oracle 12c Neuheiten Inhaltsverzeichnis 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 10 9.1.2.1 Syntaxbeispiele ..................................................................................... 383 9.1.3 Shared Password File ........................................................................................ 384 9.1.4 Tuning Rebalance .............................................................................................. 385 9.1.5 Monitoring Rebalance ........................................................................................ 386 9.1.6 Failgroup Repair Time ........................................................................................ 387 9.1.7 Even Read .......................................................................................................... 390 9.1.8 Umbenennen von Disks ..................................................................................... 393 9.1.9 Ersetzen von Disks............................................................................................. 394 9.1.10 Berechtigungen .................................................................................................. 395 9.1.11 ASM unter Windows ........................................................................................... 396 9.1.12 Cloud Control / Database Express ..................................................................... 397 9.1.13 Benutzer Berechtigungen ................................................................................... 398 9.1.14 Storage Limits .................................................................................................... 399 Clusterware ..................................................................................................................... 400 9.2.1 Neue Befehle ...................................................................................................... 400 9.2.2 Flex Cluster ........................................................................................................ 401 9.2.2.1 Überblick ................................................................................................ 401 9.2.2.2 Grafik ..................................................................................................... 402 9.2.2.3 Befehle .................................................................................................. 403 Grid Infrastructure ........................................................................................................... 404 9.3.1 Rolling Upgrade für One-Off-Patches ................................................................ 404 Oracle Cloud Filesystem ................................................................................................. 405 9.4.1 Historie ............................................................................................................... 405 9.4.2 Oracle Cloud Filesystem in 12c ......................................................................... 406 9.4.3 Erweiterungen .................................................................................................... 407 Transaction Guard .......................................................................................................... 408 Application Continuity ...................................................................................................... 410 Übungen ................................................................................................................................... 411 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 SQL ................................................................................................................................. 412 PLSQL ............................................................................................................................. 414 DataPump ....................................................................................................................... 415 Partitionierung ................................................................................................................. 416 Flashback ........................................................................................................................ 417 Tuning ............................................................................................................................. 418 Security ........................................................................................................................... 419 RMAN .............................................................................................................................. 420 Mulitenant ........................................................................................................................ 421 Seite 10 Oracle 12c Neuheiten Version: 12.15 Copyright ORDIX AG
