Grundlagen der Netzwerktechnik Inhaltsverzeichnis
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Netzwerktechnik Seite 1 Inhalt 1. 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 3. 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4. 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 5. 5.1 5.2 6. 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 7. 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8. Topologien ............................................................................................................................ 3 Kabelgebundene Datenübertragung .................................................................................... 5 Dienste ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 Übertragungsarten und Geschwindigkeiten .......................................................................................... 5 Strukturierte Verkabelung im LAN (Ethernet) .................................................................................... 7 Datenübertragungsraten, Frequenzen und Codierung ........................................................................ 8 Verschiedene Leistungsqualitäten ........................................................................................................... 9 Twisted Pair Verkabelung ......................................................................................................................10 Beispiel einer Verkabelung .....................................................................................................................14 Lichtwellenleiter (Glasfaserkabel) .........................................................................................................16 Kabelgebundenes Ethernet (802.3) ......................................................................................................18 Wiederholungsfragen ..............................................................................................................................20 Drahtlose Übertragung ....................................................................................................... 21 Das elektromagnetische Spektrum, Frequenzbereiche .....................................................................21 WLAN (802.11, WiFi) ............................................................................................................................24 Bluetooth (802.15) ...................................................................................................................................28 Datenübertragung in Mobilfunknetzten ..............................................................................................28 Wiederholungsfragen ..............................................................................................................................29 Medienzugriffsverfahren..................................................................................................... 31 ALOHA ....................................................................................................................................................31 CSMA/CD ...............................................................................................................................................31 Token Passing ..........................................................................................................................................32 Demand Priority ......................................................................................................................................33 CSMA/CA................................................................................................................................................33 Wiederholungsfragen ..............................................................................................................................33 Das OSI – Referenzmodell ................................................................................................. 35 Die Schichten ...........................................................................................................................................35 Wiederholungsfragen ..............................................................................................................................38 Das TCP/IP Protokoll ........................................................................................................ 39 TCP/IP Grundlagen ...............................................................................................................................39 IPv4-Adressierung ...................................................................................................................................40 Portnummer - Sockets ............................................................................................................................43 Domain Name Service (DNS) ..............................................................................................................44 DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) ...............................................................................46 IP Multicast ..............................................................................................................................................48 NAT...........................................................................................................................................................48 Ein Beispiel zu TCP/IP .........................................................................................................................49 IPv6 ...........................................................................................................................................................50 Wiederholungsfragen ..............................................................................................................................52 Wichtige TCP/IP Protokolle .............................................................................................. 53 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) ....................................................................................................53 Internet Control Messaging Protocol (ICMP) ....................................................................................54 Internet Protocol (IPv4) .........................................................................................................................55 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) ................................................................................................56 User Datagram Protocol (UDP) ...........................................................................................................57 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) ..................................................................................................57 E-Mail Protokolle ....................................................................................................................................60 Standardisierung mit Hilfe von RFCs ..................................................................................................61 Wiederholungsfragen ..............................................................................................................................61 Wichtige Netzwerkbefehle in Microsoft Windows und Linux ........................................... 63 ©Thorsten Jarz Seite 2 9. 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 10. 10.1 11. V 7.0 Netzwerktechnik Aktive Komponenten .......................................................................................................... 67 Repeater .................................................................................................................................................... 67 Hub ........................................................................................................................................................... 67 Bridge ........................................................................................................................................................ 68 Switch ....................................................................................................................................................... 68 Router ....................................................................................................................................................... 71 Gateway .................................................................................................................................................... 73 Wiederholungsfragen ............................................................................................................................. 73 Firewall ............................................................................................................................... 75 Wiederholungsfragen ............................................................................................................................. 77 Stichwortverzeichnis ........................................................................................................... 79
