Verben Wiederholung

Verben Wiederholung
DEUTSCH III
NOTIZEN
Essential Terms
 infinitive: the basic form of a verb; the way you find




it in the dictionary; they all end in -en
stem: the basic "meaning" part of the verb; the
infinitive minus the final -en
ending: the letter(s) added to the stem that match a
given subject
conjugate: to put the correct endings on a verb
participle: the form of the verb that is used with
"haben" or "sein" to show the past, as in "ich habe
gelernt,“ or "er ist gegangen".
Das Präsens (Present Tense)
 Present Tense Endings:
 ich
= -e
 du = -st
 er/sie/es = -t
 wir = -en
 ihr = -t
 Sie/sie = -en
Helping Verbs
Haben
Sein
 ich = habe
 ich = bin
 du = hast
 du = bist
 er/sie/es = hat
 er/sie/es = ist
 wir = haben
 wir = sind
 ihr = habt
 ihr = seid
 Sie/sie = haben
 Sie/sie = sind
Stem-Changing Verbs
 What I call “funky” verbs
 Stem-changing verbs = the vowel of the stem
(and sometimes some consonants as well) changes in
the “du” and “er/sie/es” forms ONLY
 Possible vowel changes:



aä
ei
e  ie
Stem-Changing Verbs
Fahren
Geben
Sehen
 ich =
 ich =
 ich =
 du =
 du =
 du =
 er/sie/es =
 er/sie/es =
 er/sie/es =
 wir =
 wir =
 wir =
 ihr =
 ihr =
 ihr =
 Sie/sie =
 Sie/sie =
 Sie/sie =
Stem-Changing Verbs
 A few more popular stem-changing verbs:
 nehmen:
 lesen:
 schlafen:
 laufen:
 tragen:
6 Modal Verbs and “Wissen”
 Have different rules/patterns
 Stems: For all but sollen  there’s a stem change in
ALL 3 SINGULAR FORMS
 Endings: No endings at all in the “ich” and
“er/sie/es” forms
Modal Verbs
Müssen
Können
Wollen
 ich =
 ich =
 ich =
 du =
 du =
 du =
 er/sie/es =
 er/sie/es =
 er/sie/es =
 wir =
 wir =
 wir =
 ihr =
 ihr =
 ihr =
 Sie/sie =
 Sie/sie =
 Sie/sie =
Modal Verbs
Sollen
Dürfen
Mögen
 ich =
 ich =
 ich =
 du =
 du =
 du =
 er/sie/es =
 er/sie/es =
 er/sie/es =
 wir =
 wir =
 wir =
 ihr =
 ihr =
 ihr =
 Sie/sie =
 Sie/sie =
 Sie/sie =
“Wissen”
Wissen
 ich =
 du =
 er/sie/es =
 wir =
 ihr =
 Sie/sie =
Futur
 “werden” = will
 Pattern = werden (conjugated) + infinitive (at the
end)
Werden
 ich =
 du =
 er/sie/es =
 wir =
 ihr =
 Sie/sie =
Futur
 Example: “I will go to town this afternoon.”
 Remember your WORD ORDER = time + manner +
place
 Translation:
 How else would we say this?  Germans are the
same way…
 How about – “I’m going to town this afternoon.”
 Translation:
Das Perfekt
 Meanings in English:
 Perfect
tense
 Past perfect tense
 Conversational past
 Formation = helping verb (2nd slot of sentence;
conjugated) + past participle (end of sentence)
 Most verbs use haben as the helping verb
Das Perfekt
 Sein is used with a:
 Change
of location
 Change of condition/state of being (ex: sterben)
 Exceptions: bleiben (to stay) and sein itself
Das Perfekt
 Das Partizip (Past Participle):
 Weak
verbs = ge + stem + -t
 Strong verbs = ge + stem** + -(e)n
 **Some
strong verbs change the stem used in the past
participle  these just have to be memorized 
 Hybrid
verbs = ge + changed stem (like strong verbs)
+ -t (like weak verbs)
Das Perfekt
 If the verb has a
separable prefix, then
the “ge” goes between
the prefix and the
stem
 Examples:
Präsens
Perfekt
 Typically if the verb
has no prefix & is
more than 2 syllables,
there is no “ge” in the
past participle
 Examples:
Präsens
Perfekt
mitmachen
mitgemacht
studieren
studiert
aufstehen
aufgestanden
besuchen
besucht
mitkommen
mitgekommen
verstehen
verstanden
Üben Wir!!!
Verb
kommen
dekorieren
erleben
zumachen
sagen
beginnen
einkaufen
aufsteigen
schreiben
"ge-" at the beginning (most
verbs)
No "ge-" (unaccented)
"ge-" between separable prefix
and stem