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Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik a/b-Schnittstelle 100BASE-FX 100BASE-TX 10BASE-T 3270-Terminal AAL AAL 5 ABR Abschirmung access access methods ACR ACU ADSL AFP ageing AIS ANSI Antwortzeit AO/DI AP API APPC APPN APS APT ARAP AREQUIPA ARM Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Seite 1 von 23 analoge Schnittstelle der Deutschen Bundespost, z. B. am analogen Fernsprechapparat. The IEEE specification for 100Mbps Fast Ethernet over fiber-optic cable. The IEEE specification for 100Mbps Fast Ethernet over Category 5 twistedpair cable. The IEEE specification for 10Mbps Ethernet over Category 3, 4 or 5 twisted pair cable. Terminal für IBM-Mainframe-Computer ATM Adaptation Layer ATM Adaptation Layer 5 passt die ATM-Schicht an höhere Protokollschichten an und findet insbesondere in privaten ATM-Netzen Verwendung. (TCP/IP, LAN Emulation, ILMI, SNMP, Frame Relay) Available Bit Rate Kabelummantelungen dienen z.B. der Abschirmung, um störende Einflüsse von außen, die die Übertragung verfälschen, zu verhindern. Auch das Gehäuse eines PCs ist im Grunde eine Abschirmung gegenüber Störfrequenzen. Zugriff auf Dateien und Unterverzeichnisse Zugriffsmethoden: In LANs haben sich im Grunde zwei Zugriffsmethoden etabliert: Token Passing sowie CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection). Zugriffsmethoden sind festgelegte Regeln, damit eine im LAN angeschlossene Station auf das Kabel zugreifen und Daten versenden kann. CSMA/CD ist in Bus-Netzen (z.B. Ethernet/IEEE 802.3) und z.B. auch in IEEE 802.3 10Base-T-Netzen mit sternförmiger Verkabelung um Concentratoren eingesetzt. Es erkennt Datenkollisionen und bricht den Datentransfer im Falle einer Kollision ab. (Weitere Sendeversuche nach einem bestimmten Algorithmus bzw. über Zufallsgenerator). Token Passing, z.B. in Arcnet-Netzen, 4 und 16 MBit/s Token Ring, FDDI und TCNS (ein 100 MBit/s Networking System) eingesetzt, erlaubt einen kollisionsfreien Datentransfer, da eine Station nur mittels eines Tokens (spezielles Bit-Muster) senden darf. Attenuation to Cross Talk Ratio Dämpfungsnebensprechverhältnis Automatic Client Update Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line asymmetrischer digitaler Teilnehmeranschluss ( 2, 4, 6 oder 8 Mb/s in Richtung Teilnehmer, bis zu 640 kb/s im Rückkanal ) AppleTalk Filing Protocol The automatic removal of dynamic entries from the Switch Database which have timed-out and are no longer valid. Alarm Indication Signal American National Standards Institute Die Zeitdauer, bis eine sendende Station eine Reaktion vom Adressaten erhält. Die Antwortzeit bestimmt die Netzperformance. Always On/Dynamic ISDN Router-Funktion, die den D-Kanal des ISDN zur Übertragung von Daten mit einer geringen Transferrate (max. 9.600 bit/s) quasi wie eine Festverbindung ausnutzt. Nur bei Bedarf einer wesentlich höheren Bandbreite werden eine oder zwei B-Kanal-Verbindungen aktiviert. Access Point; am Netz fest installierte Sende-/Empfangsstation drahtloser Funknetze Application Programming Interface Advanced Program-to-Program Communication Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking Automatic Protection Switching in der SDH-Welt, auf K1- und K2-Bytes im SDH-Overhead angewiesen Application Programmers' Toolkit Apple Remote Access Protocol Application REQuested IP over ATM Application Resource Meassurement Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik ARP ARPA ASCII ATM ATMARP AUI auto-negotiation backbone BACP Balanced-hybrid Routing bandwidth BAUD B channel BGP baud BECN BER BIOS BIP B-ISDN BOOTP BPDU BRI bridge Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Seite 2 von 23 Address Resolution Protocol, dient zur Ermittlung der MAC-Adresse bei vorgegebener IP-Adresse. Advanced Research Project Agency American Standard Code for Information Interchange Asynchronous Transfer Mode asynchroner Übertragungsmodus ATM Address Resolution Protocol, Umsetzung von IP-Adressen nach ATMAdressen bei Classical IP. Auxiliary Unit Interface A feature on twisted pair ports that allows them to advertise their capabilities for speed, duplex and flow control. When connected to a port that also supports auto-negotiation, the link can automatically configure itself to the optimum setup. The part of a network used as a primary path for transporting traffic between network segments. Bandwdth Allocation Control Protocol Balanced-hybrid routing protocols use distance vectors with more accurate metrics to determine the best paths to destination networks. However, they differ from most distance-vector protocols by using topology changes to trigger routing database updates. The balanced-hybrid routing type converges rapidly, like the link-state protocols. However, it differs from distance-vector and link-state protocols by using fewer resources such as bandwidth, memory, and processor overhead. The information capacity, measured in bits per second, that a channel can transmit. The bandwidth of Ethernet is 10Mbps, the bandwidth of Fast Ethernet is 100Mbps. The difference between the highest and lowest frequencies available for network signals. The term is also used to describe the rated throughput capacity of a given network medium or protocol. Bits pro Sekunde B channel - Bearer channel. In ISDN, a full-duplex, 64-kbps channel used to send user data. Compare to D channel, E channel, and H channel. Border Gateway Protocol Routingprotokoll, z.Zt. BGP-3 und BGP-4 im Einsatz The signalling rate of a line, that is, the number of transitions (voltage or frequency changes) made per second. Also known as line speed. Backward Explicit Congestion Notification Bit im Frame Relay Frame Bit Error Rate Basic Input/Output System Beyond IP Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network ITU-T communication standards designed to handle high-bandwidth applications such as video. BISDN currently uses ATM technology over SONET-based transmission circuits to provide data rates from 155 to 622 Mbps and beyond. Contrast with N-ISDN. See also BRI, ISDN, and PRI. The BOOTP protocol allows you to automatically map an IP address to a given MAC address each time a device is started. In addition, the protocol can assign the subnet mask and default gateway to a device. Bridge Protocol Data Unit: zur Kommunikation zwischen Brücken für den Spanning Tree Algorithmus Basic Rate Interface. ISDN interface composed of two B channels and one D channel for circuitswitched communication of voice, video, and data. Compare with PRI. See also BISDN, ISDN, and N-ISDN. A device that interconnects two LANs of a different type to form a single logical network that comprises of two network segments. Bridges learn which endstations are on which network segment by examining the source addresses of packets. They then use this information to forward packets based on their destination address. This process is known as filtering. Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik broadcast broadcast storm Broadcasting brouter BS BSD BT BU BUS CAD/CAM CAM CAST CBDS CBR CBT CCITT CCO CD CDFS CDMA CDP CD-ROM CDV CDVT Cenelec CER CGA Channel CHAP CICS CID CIDR CIM Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Seite 3 von 23 A packet sent to all devices on a network. Multiple simultaneous broadcasts that typically absorb all the available network bandwidth and can cause a network to fail. Broadcast storms can be due to faulty network devices. Gleichzeitige Übermittlung von Nachrichten an mehrere Empfänger. Manche Netzwerkprotokolle schicken Nachrichten als Broadcast an alle Teilnehmer ab, wenn sie die Hardwareadresse des Empfängers nicht kennen. Bridge and Router Combination Base Station Basisstation Berkeley Software Distribution, Berkely Style Unix Burst Tolerance Basic Unit Basiseinheit Broadcast and Unknown Server, verteilt bei LANE Broadcast-, MulticastVerkehr und Pakete mit unbekannten MAC-Adressen an die Endsysteme. Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing Content-addressable Memory zur Speicherung von Adresstabellen in Switches Computer Aided Software Testing, CAST Tools Connectionless Broadband Data Service Constant Bit Rate, Continous Bit Rate Computer Based Training Comite Consultatif International Telegraphique et Telephonique, Consultative Committee for International Telegraph and Telephone Cisco Connection Online Carrier Detect; Modemsignal; bezeichnet Empfangssignalpegel CD-ROM File System Code Division Multiple Access Vielfachzugriff im Codemultiplexverfahren Cisco Discovery Protocol provides a single proprietary command that enables network administrators to access a summary of what the configurations look like on other directly connected routers. Compact Disc Read-Only Memory Cell Delay Variation Cell Delay Variation Tolerance Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Cell Error Ratio Color Graphic Adapter 1.) A communication path. Multiple channels can be multiplexed over a single cable in certain environments. 2.) In IBM, the specific path between large computers (such as mainframes) and attached peripheral devices. Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol CHAP - Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol. Security feature supported on lines using PPP encapsulation that prevents unauthorized access. CHAP does not itself prevent unauthorized access, it merely identifies the remote end. The router or access server then determines whether that user is allowed access. Compare to PAP. Customer Information Control System Configuration, Installation, Distribution; IBMs Standard zur automatisierten Ferninstallation von Software. Classless Interdomain Routing, Supernetting Zusammenfassung mehrerer IP-Adressen zu einem Gesamtnetz, Netzbits in der Subnetzmaske werden geborgt und zu Hostbits Bsp.: Zwei Klasse-C-Netze werden zusammengefasst: 1. Klasse-C-Netz: 192.168.0.0 2. Klasse-C-Netz: 192.168.1.0 Netzmaske: 255.255.254.0 Common Information Model Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik CIR Circuit Circuit switching CLIB Client server computing CLIP CLNAP CLNS CLP CLR CLS CMIP CMIS CMR CNE CNI CO collision Convergence Seite 4 von 23 CIR - Committed information rate. The rate at which a Frame Relay network agrees to transfer information under normal conditions, averaged over a minimum increment of time. CIR, measured in bits per second, is one of the key negotiated tariff metrics. See also Bc. Circuit - Communications path between two or more points. Circuit switching - Switching system in which a dedicated physical circuit path must exist between sender and receiver for the duration of the "call." Used heavily in the telephone company network. Circuit switching can be contrasted with contention and token passing as a channel-access method, and with message switching and packet switching as a switching technique. C-Library Term used to describe distributed computing (processing) network systems in which transaction responsibilities are divided into two parts: client (front end) and server (back end). Both terms (client and server) can be applied to software programs or actual computing devices. Also called distributed computing (processing). Compare with peer-to-peer computing. See also RPC. Classical IP over ATM Connectionless Network Access Protocol Connectionless Network Service Cell Loss Priority Cell Loss Rate Controlled Load Services Common Management Information Protocol Common Management Information Service Cell Misinsertion Rate Certified NetWare Engineer Certified NetWare Instructor Central Office A term used to describe two colliding packets in an Ethernet network. Collisions are a part of normal Ethernet operation, but a sudden prolonged increase in the number of collisions can indicate a problem with a device, particularly if it is not accompanied by a general increase in traffic. The speed and ability of a group of internetworking devices running a specific routing protocol to agree on the topology of an internetwork after a change in that topology. CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture Cost Arbitrary value, typically based on hop count, media bandwidth, or other measures, that is assigned by a network administrator and used to compare various paths through an internetwork environment. Cost values are used by routing protocols to determine the most favorable path to a particular destination: the lower the cost, the better the path. Sometimes called path cost. See also routing metric. Cost of Ownership Summe der Aufwendungen für Anschaffung, Betrieb und Wartung von Systemen Count to infinity Problem that can occur in routing algorithms that are slow to converge, in which routers continuously increment the hop count to particular networks. Typically, some arbitrary hop-count limit is imposed to prevent this problem. Customer Premises Equipment Terminating equipment, such as terminals, telephones, and modems, supplied by the telephone company, installed at customer sites, and connected to the telephone company network. Common Programming Interface-Communications Central Processing Unit Cyclic Redundance Check Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Avoidance Carrier-sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection. The protocol defined in Ethernet and IEEE 802.3 standards in which devices transmit only after finding CPE CPI-C CPU CRC CSMA/CA CSMA/CD Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik CSU CTD CTI CTS CUT DAL DARPA Seite 5 von 23 a data channel clear for a period of time. When two devices transmit simultaneously, a collision occurs and the colliding devices delay their retransmittions for a random length of time. Channel service unit. Digital interface device that connects end-user equipment to the local digital telephone loop. Often referred to together with DSU, as CSU/DSU. See also DSU. Cell Transfer Delay computerintegrierte Telefonie Clear to Send; Modemkontrollsignal (RS-232-C); signalisiert Sendebereitschaft Control Unit Terminal Data Access Language Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DB2/2 IBMs relationale SQL-Datenbank für OS/2; Client/Server-Funktion über TCP/IP, IPX oder NetBIOS möglich. DBMS DCB DCD DCE Data Base Management System Disc Coprocessor Board Data Carrier Detect Data Communication Equipment, DÜE=Datenübertragungseinrichtung, z.B. Modem Distributed Computing Environment, Standardisierungsvorschlag der Open Software Foundation für verteilte Anwendungen in Computernetzwerken, entspricht zukünftigem Netzwerkbetriebssystem. DCE DCE DCOM DDE DDR DDS DE DECnet DECT Dedicated line DEE Default route Delay DES DFN DFÜ Dijkstra's algorithm DIN Distance-Vector Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Distributed Computing Environment Distributed Component Object Model Windows Dynamic Data Exchange Dial-on-demand routing. Technique whereby a Cisco router can automatically initiate and close a circuit-switched session as transmitting stations demand. The router spoofs keepalives so that end stations treat the session as active. DDR permits routing over ISDN or telephone lines using an external ISDN terminal adaptor or modem. DDR - Dial-on-demand routing. Technique whereby a Cisco router can automatically initiate and close a circuit-switched session as transmitting stations demand. The router spoofs keepalives so that end stations treat the session as active. DDR permits routing over ISDN or telephone lines using an external ISDN terminal adaptor or modem. Direct Digital Service Discard Eligibility Bit im Frame Relay Frame, das diesen Frame als weniger wichtig markiert. Dieses Bit wird von der DTE gesetzt. Digital Equipment Corporation network architecture, Transportprotokoll der Firma Digital Equipment. Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication dgitales europäisches Funkfernsprechnetz Dedicated line - Communications line that is indefinitely reserved for transmissions, rather than switched as transmission is required. See also leased line. Datenendeinrichtung, DTE=Data Terminal Equipment Routing table entry that is used to direct frames for which a next hop is not explicitly listed in the routing table. The time between the initiation of a transaction by a sender and the first response received by the sender. Also, the time required to move a packet from source to destination over a given path. Data Encryption Standard Deutsches Forschungsnetz Datenfernübertragung SPF - Shortest path first algorithm. Routing algorithm that iterates on length of path to determine a shortest-path spanning tree. Commonly used in link-state routing algorithms. Sometimes called Dijkstra's algorithm. See also link state routing algorithm. Deutsches Institut für Normung Class of routing algorithms that iterate on the number of hops in a route to find Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik Routing Algorithm Distance-Vector Routing DLCI DLL DMA DMTF DNS DPT DS-1 DS-3 DS-Byte DSI DSR DSU DTAG DTE DTR DUAL DÜE DVA DVB DVMRP dx Dynamic routing E1 Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Seite 6 von 23 a shortest-path spanning tree. Distance vector routing algorithms call for each router to send its entire routing table in each update, but only to its neighbors. Distance vector routing algorithms can be prone to routing loops, but are computationally simpler than link state routing algorithms. Also called BellmanFord routing algorithm. See also link state routing algorithm and SPF. View network topology from neighbor’s perspective. Adds distance vectors from router to router. Frequent, periodic updates: slow convergence: Passes copies of routing tables to neighbor routers. Data Link Connection Identifier DLCI-Werte werden üblicherweise vom Frame Relay Service Provider zugewiesen. Frame Relay DLCIs haben nur lokale Bedeutung, d.h. sie sind nicht eindeutig in einem Frame Relay WAN. DLCI - Data-link connection identifier. Value that specifies a PVC or SVC in a Frame Relay network. In the basic Frame Relay specification, DLCIs are locally significant (connected devices might use different values to specify the same connection). In the LMI extended specification, DLCIs are globally significant (DLCIs specify individual end devices). See also LMI. Dynamic Link Library Direct Memory Access, direkter Datentransfer zwischen einer Interfacekarte und dem Hauptspeicher des Computers ohne Mitwirkung der CPU. Desktop Management Task Force Domain Name Service Dynamic Packet Transport Dynamischer Pakettransport über Glasfaserdoppelringe, verwendet für den Zugriff das Spatial Reuse Protokoll (spatial reuse = räumliche Mehrfachausnutzung). DS-1 - Digital signal level 1. Framing specification used in transmitting digital signals at 1.544-Mbps on a T1 facility (in the United States) or at 2.108-Mbps on an E1 facility (in Europe). Compare with DS-0 and DS-3. See also E1 and T1. DS-3 - Digital signal level 3. Framing specification used for transmitting digital signals at 44.736-Mbps on a T3 facility. Compare with DS-0 and DS-1. See also E3 and T3. Differentiated Service Byte Data Source Integration Data Set Ready; Modemkontrollsignal; signalisiert Betriebsbereitschaft Data service unit. Device used in digital transmission that adapts the physical interface on a DTE device to a transmission facility such as T1 or E1. The DSU is also responsible for such functions as signal timing. Often referred to together with CSU, as CSU/DSU. See also CSU. Deutsche Telekom AG Data Terminal Equipment, DEE= Datenendeinrichtung, z.B. Drucker, Tastatur, Rechner Data Terminal Ready; Modemkontrollsignal; gibt an, dass Endgerät betriebsbereit ist. Diffusing-Update-Algorithm, verwendet von Cisco bei EIGRP Datenübertragungseinrichtung, DCE= Data Communication Equipment Distance-Vector-Algorithm, verwendet von Cisco bei IGRP Digital Video Broadcasting digitale Videosequenzausstrahlung Distance-Vector Multicast Routing Protocol Duplex, gleichzeitige Datenübertragung in beiden Richtungen, z.B. Telefon. engl. FD (full duplex) Routing that adjusts automatically to network topology or traffic changes. Also called adaptive routing. ISDN interface to primary rate access (PRI). Primary rate access consists of a single 64-Kbps D channel plus 30 (E1) B channels for voice or data. Compare to BRI. See also BISDN, ISDN, and N-ISDN. E1 - Wide-area digital transmission scheme used predominantly in Europe that carries data at a rate of 2.048 Mbps. E1 lines can be leased for private use from common Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik EAB EBCDIC ECMA EDC EDI EDIFACT EGA EGP EIA EIA-530 EIA/TIA-232 EIA/TIA-449 EIGRP EISA ELAN Elfext ELS EMV endstation EPI ERP ESC ESDI ESI ES-IS Ethernet Ethernet address Fast Ethernet FastIP FAT FC FC-AL FD FDD Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Seite 7 von 23 carriers. Compare with T1. See also DS-1. Extended Attributes Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code European Computer Manufacturers’ Association, Sitz in Genf Error Detection Code Electronic Data Interchange Electronic Data Interchange for Finance, Administration, Commerce and Transport Enhanced Graphic Adapter Exterior Gateway Protocol Routingprotokoll Electronic Industry Association, Ausschuss zur Standardisierung von Schnittstellen für die Kommunikation, z.B. RS232-C (USA) Refers to two electrical implementations of EIA/TIA-449: RS-422 (for balanced transmission) and RS-423 (for unbalanced transmission). See also RS-422, RS-423, and EIA/TIA-449. Common physical layer interface standard, developed by EIA and TIA, that supports unbalanced circuits at signal speeds of up to 64 kbps. Closely resembles the V.24 specification. Formerly known as RS-232. Popular physical layer interface developed by EIA and TIA. Essentially, a faster (up to 2 Mbps) version of EIA/TIA-232 capable of longer cable runs. Formerly called RS-449. See also EIA-530. Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol. Advanced version of IGRP developed by Cisco. Provides superior convergence properties and operating efficiency, and combines the advantages of link state protocols with those of distance vector protocols. Compare with IGRP. See also IGP, OSPF, and RIP. Extended Industry Standard Architecture, 32-Bit-Busarchitektur Emulated LAN, Emuliertes LAN, vom ATM-Forum in der LANE spezifizierte Nachbildung eines Ethernet- oder eines Token-Ring-Netzes auf einem ATMNetz. Equal Level Far End Cross Talk Entry Level Solution Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit A computer, printer or server that is connected to a network. External Program Interface (proprietäre Schnittstelle innerhalb Spectrum) Enterprise Resource Planning: Anbieter von Software für solche Systeme: z.B. SAP, Baan Co., Oracle, J. D. Edwards & Co., People Soft European Support Center Enhanced Small Disk Interface End System Identifier End System-to-Intermediate System. OSI protocol that defines how end systems (hosts) announce themselves to intermediate systems (routers). See also IS-IS. A LAN specification developed jointly by Xerox, Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation. Ethernet networks use CSMA/CD to transmit packets at a rate of 10Mbps over a variety of cables. 12-stellige Hexadresse, siehe MAC address An Ethernet system that is designed to operate at 100Mbps. Ein System, das den IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-Standard zu benutzen erlaubt, um die Belastung von Routern zu reduzieren, wenn VLANs implementiert sind und großer Datenverkehr zwischen den VLANs herrscht. A system that uses GVRP to reduce the load on routing devices in networks that have large amounts of inter-VLAN traffic. File Allocation Table Fibre Channel Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop Full Duplex Frequency Division Duplex Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik FDDI FDMA FECN Fext FHSS filtering flow control forwarding FRAD Frame Relay FSP FTAM FTP FTP FTPD FTZ full duplex G.703/G.704 GARP GB GCRA GDMO GMRP GNS GOSIP GPRS GSM GUI GVRP Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Seite 8 von 23 Frequenzduplex Fiber Distributed Data Interface Frequency Division Multiple Access Frequenzmultiplex-Zugriffsverfahren Forward Explicit Congestion Notification Bit im Frame Relay Frame Far End Cross Talk Frequence Hopping Spread Spectrum; von fast allen Herstellern eingesetztes störunabhängiges, abhörsicheres Übertragungsverfahren; mittels kurzer Datenbursts werden die Informationen auf mindestens 75 Sprungfrequenzen transportiert The process of screening a packet for certain characteristics, such as source address, destination address, or protocol. Filtering is used to determine whether traffic is to be forwarded, and can also prevent unauthorized access to a network or network devices. A congestion control mechanism. Congestion is caused by devices sending traffic to already overloaded port on a Switch. Flow control prevents packet loss and and inhibits devices from generating more traffic until the period of congestion ends. The process of sending a packet toward its destination using a networking device. Frame Relay Access Device Any network device that provides a connection between a LAN and a Frame Relay WAN. See also Cisco FRAD and FRAS. Frame Relay - Industry-standard, switched data link layer protocol that handles multiple virtual circuits using HDLC encapsulation between connected devices. Frame Relay is more efficient than X.25, the protocol for which it is generally considered a replacement. See also X.25. File Service Process File Transfer, Access and Management File Transfer Protocol Protokoll zur Dateiübertragung in TCP/IP-Netzwerken. Foiled Twisted Pair Verdrilltes Kupferkabel mit einer Schirmfolie, die die Gesamtheit aller Paare umschließt. File Transfer Protocol Daemon Fernmeldetechnisches Zentralamt A system that allows packets to be transmitted and received at the same time and, in effect, doubles the potential throughput of a link. (Engl. Abkürzung: FD, deutsche Abkürzung: dx) ITU-T electrical and mechanical specifications for connections between telephone company equipment and DTE using BNC connectors and operating at E1 data rates. Generic Attribute Registration Protocol. A system outlined by the IEEE 802.1D standard that allows endstations in a network to register that they would like to receive traffic with certain attributes. Gigabyte Generic Cell Rate Algorithm Guide of Definition for Management Objects GARP Multicast Registration Protocol. A specific use of GARP that allows endstations to register that they would like to receive traffic from certain multicast groups. Get Nearest Server bei IPX/SPX Government OSI Profile General Packet Radio Service Global System for Mobile Communication; ein fast die ganze Welt umspannendes Mobilfunknetz mit Ausnahme des amerikanischen Kontinents Graphical User Interface GARP VLAN Registration Protocol. A specific use of GARP that allows Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik GWIA half duplex HCC HD HDLC HDSL HEC Header HFS HLLAPI HMI Holddown Seite 9 von 23 endstations to register that they would like to receive traffic for certain VLANs. Groupware-Internet-Agent A system that allows packets to transmitted and received, but not at the same time. Contrast with full duplex. (Engl. Abkürzung: HD, deutsche Abkürzung: hx) Horizontal Cross Connect Half Duplex High level Data Link Control Bit-oriented synchronous data link layer protocol developed by ISO. Derived from SDLC, HDLC specifies a data encapsulation method on synchronous serial links using frame characters and checksums. See also SDLC. High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line digitaler Teilnehmeranschluss mit hoher Bitrate Header Error Control Control information placed before data when encapsulating that data for network transmission. Compare with trailer. See also PCI. Hierarchical File System High-Level Language Application Program Interface, Programmschnittstelle (API) für höhere Programmiersprachen (z.B. COBOL, Pascal, Basic) Hub Management Interface State into which a route is placed so that routers will neither advertise the route nor accept advertisements about the route for a specific length of time (the holddown period). Holddown is used to flush bad information about a route from all routers in the network. A route is typically placed in holddown when a link in that route fails. (hold-down timers) Hop Term describing the passage of a data packet between two network nodes (for example, between two routers). See also hop count. Hop count Routing metric used to measure the distance between a source and a destination. RIP uses hop count as its sole metric. See also hop and RIP. Hot Swap Austauschen von Modulen während des laufenden Betriebes HSL HTML HTTP hub Hub Support Layer Hypertext Markup Language Hypertext Transfer Protocol A device that regenerates LAN traffic so that the transmission distance of that signal can be extended. Hubs are similar to repeaters, in that they connect LANs of the same type; however they connect more LANs than a repeater and are generally more sophisticated. Halbduplex, Daten können abwechselnd in zwei Richtungen übertragen werden, aber zu einem Zeitpunkt nur Senden oder nur Empfangen. engl. HD (Half Duplex) An emerging third type of routing protocol combines aspects of both distancevector and link-state routing. This third type is called balanced-hybrid routing. Input/Output International Business Machines Corporation IBMs Peer-to-Peer-Netzwerksoftware für OS/2, basierend auf LAN-ServerTechnologie, kompatibel auch zu Windows NT und Windows für Workgroups. hx Hybrid Routing I/O IBM IBM Peer ICC ICMP ICSY IDF IDN IEC IEEE Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Intermediate Cross Connect Internet Control Message Protocol, wird von der Internet-Protokoll-Ebene (IP von TCP/IP) benutzt, um Steuerinformationen für die Wegeauswahl auszutauschen. Integrated Communications Systems Intermediate Distribution Facility Integrated Digital Network International Electrotechnical Commission Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Standardisierungsgremium in den USA, gegründet 1963, für Computer und Kommunikation, z.B. LAN IEEE 802. Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik IEEE 802.1d IEEE 802.1p IEEE 802.1q IEEE 802.3x IETF IFM IF-MUX IGMP IGMP IGP IGRP Seite 10 von 23 A standard that defines the behavior of bridges in an Ethernet network. A standard that defines GMRP and traffic prioritization. A standard that defines VLAN tagging and GVRP. A standard that defines a system of flow control for ports that operate in full duplex. Internet Engineering Task Force. An organization responsible for providing engineering solutions for TCP/IP networks. In the network management area, this group is responsible for the development of the SNMP protocol. Intelligent Flow Management Interface Multiplexer Schnittstellen-Multiplexer Internet Group Multicast Protocol Internet Group Management Protocol. An IP-based multicast filtering system that allows endstations to register that they would like to receive traffic from certain multicast groups. Interior Gateway Protocol. Internet protocol used to exchange routing information within an autonomous system. Examples of common Internet IGPs include IGRP, OSPF, and RIP. See also IGRP, OSPF, and RIP. Interior Gateway Routing Protocol. IGP developed by Cisco to address the problems associated with routing in large, heterogeneous networks. Compare with Enhanced IGRP. See also IGP, OSPF, and RIP. Routinginformationen werden nur alle 90s (Default) ausgetauscht. Detaillierte Metrik: Delay Timer (Werte zwischen 1 und 224) Bandbreite (band width) (Werte zwischen 1200 bps und 10 Gbps) Auslastung (load) (Werte zwischen 1 und 255) Zuverlässigkeit (reliability) (Werte zwischen 1 und 255) IIOP IIS ILMI IMAP4 IMSP Integrated IS-IS Intelligent Flow Management Intelligent Switching Mode IOS IP IP address Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Bsp.: MTU 1500 bytes, BW 56 Kbit, DLY 20000 sec, rely 255/255, load 9/255 Internet Inter Object Request Broker Internet Information Server Bestandteil von NT 4.0 Server Interim Local Management Interface, im Rahmen der UNI vom ATM-Forum definiert; dient zur Kontrolle von ATM-Geräten von Netzwerkmanagementstationen und zum Informationsaustausch zwischen Endsystemen und ATM-Switch. Internet Message Access Protocol Version 4 Independent Manufacturer Support Program Routing protocol based on the OSI routing protocol IS-IS, but with support for IP and other protocols. Integrated IS-IS implementations send only one set of routing updates, making it more efficient than two separate implementations. Formerly referred to as Dual IS-IS. Compare with IS-IS. Intelligent Flow Management. A means of holding packets back at the transmit port of the connected endstation. Prevents packet loss at a congested switch port. Also known as IFM. A packet forwarding mode, where the Switch monitors the amount of error traffic on the network and changes the method of packet forwarding accordingly. Internetwork Operating System (Cisco) Internet Protocol, Ebene 3 (ISO/OSI-Modell) der TCP/IP Netzwerk-Protokolle. IP transportiert Datenpakete über mehrere Netze zum Empfänger. IP is a layer 3 network protocol that is the standard for sending data through a network. IP is part of the TCP/IP set of protocols that describe the routing of packets to addressed devices. Internet Protocol address. A unique identifier for a device attached to a network using TCP/IP. The address is written as four octets separated with periods (full-stops), and is made up of a network section, an optional subnet section and a host section. Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik IPC IPS IPX IPX IrDA IRQ ISA ISAM ISDN ISDN-BA ISDN-PRA ISL ISM ISO ISP IS-IS ISV ITU-T JPEG KB LAA LAN LANE LANE LAT latency LAT-Protokoll Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Seite 11 von 23 Interprocess Communications Intelligent Protection Switching Bestandteil des DTP-Konzepts, ermöglicht das Performance-Monitoring des gesamten Ringes sowie „Selbstheilung“ und Wiederherstellung von IPDiensten beim Ausfall von Knoten oder Faserbruch. Internetwork Packet Exchange. IPX is a layer 3 and 4 network protocol designed for networks that use Novell Netware. Internet Packet Exchange. Transportprotokoll, das Novell zusammen mit NetWare entwickelt hat. Infrared Data Association; Datenraten von 115000 b/s, 1,152 Mb/s, 4 Mb/s bei 1 bis 3 m Reichweite; die Verbindung von IR-Beamer und mobilem Gerät erfolgt automatisch bei Sichtverbindung mit höchsten gemeinsamen Datenrate Interrupt Request Line Industry Standard Architecture Indexed Sequential Access Method, suchen nach einem bestimmten Datensatz über einen Index, z.B. Btrieve arbeitet nach dieser Methode Integrated Services Digital Network diensteintegrierendes digitales Netz ISDN Basic Access ISDN-Basisanschluss ISDN Primary Access ISDN-Primärmultiplexanschluss weltweit für Industrie, Wissenschaft und Medizin reservierte, zulassungsfreie Sendefrequenz International Standardization Organization: internationale Standardisierungsorganisation Standardisierungsorganisation, die unter anderem ein Schichtenmodell für die Kommunikation in Netzwerken definiert hat (siehe OSI-Modell). Internet Service Provider Internet-Diensteanbieter Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System. OSI link-state hierarchical routing protocol based on DECnet Phase V routing whereby ISs (routers) exchange routing information based on a single metric to determine network topology. Compare with Integrated IS-IS. See also ES-IS and OSPF. Independant Software Vendor International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector, ehemals CCITT Joint Photographic Experts Group Kilobyte = 1024 Bytes Locally Administered Address, lokal vergebene Netzwerkadapteradresse. Local Area Network: Kommunikationsnetz mit Fileserver-Konzept für Daten-, Platten- und Peripherieverwaltung zur gemeinsamen Nutzung durch die Netzteilnehmer. Ein LAN steht rechtlich unter der Kontrolle des Benutzers und ist auf das Firmengelände begrenzt. A network of endstations (such as PCs, printers, servers) and network devices (hubs and switches) that cover a relatively small geographic area (usually not larger than a floor or building). LANs are characterized by high transmission speeds over short distances (up to 1000m). LAN Emulator LAN Emulation, vom ATM-Forum festgelegte Spezifikation für ein emuliertes LAN auf einem ATM-Netz. Local Area Transportprotocol; Netzwerkprotokoll innerhalb der DEC-Welt, hauptsächlich für Terminalserver im Ethernet-LAN eingesetzt. The delay between the time a device receives a packet and the time the packet is forwarded out of the destination port. Local Area Transportprotokoll; Netzwerkprotokoll innerhalb der DEC-Welt, hauptsächlich für Terminalserver im Ethernet-LAN eingesetzt. Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik LCD LCP LE LE-ARP LEC LECS LES line speed Link Link-State Routing Algorithm Link-State Routing LIS LL LLC LLC/SNAP Load LOF loop LMI LOP LOS LPD LSA LSAPI LSA-Werkzeug LSL LSM LSP LU MAC MAC address Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Seite 12 von 23 Loss of Cell delineation (synchronization) Link Control Protocol in Verbindung mit PPP PPP uses another of its major components, the Link Control Protocol (LCP), to negotiate and set up control options on the WAN data link. LAN Emulation LAN Emulation ARP, Umsetzung von MAC-Adressen nach ATM-Adressen bei LANE. LAN Emulation Client, realisiert die LANE-Schnittstelle auf Endsystemen. Löst Adressen auf, baut ATM-Verbindungen auf und verschickt Daten über ATM. LAN Emulation Configuration Server, ordnet LAN Emulation Clients ihrem emulierten LAN zu. LAN Emulation Server, Kontrollstation des emulierten LAN, dient insbesondere zur Adressauflösung. Siehe baud. Link - Network communications channel consisting of a circuit or transmission path and all related equipment between a sender and a receiver. Most often used to refer to a WAN connection. Sometimes referred to as a line or a transmission link. Routing algorithm in which each router broadcasts or multicasts information regarding the cost of reaching each of its neighbors to all nodes in the internetwork. Link state algorithms create a consistent view of the network and are therefore not prone to routing loops, but they achieve this at the cost of relatively greater computational difficulty and more widespread traffic (compared with distance vector routing algorithms). Compare with distance vector routing algorithm. Gets common view of entire network topology. Calculates the shortest path to other routers. Event-triggered updates: faster convergence. Passes link-state routing updates to other routers. Logical IP Subnetwork, IP-(Sub-)Netz auf einem ATM-Netz, erlaubt Punkt-zuPunkt-Verbindungen zwischen Endsystemen. Leased Line Standleitung Logcal Link Control, zweite Unterebene der Datalink-Ebene des OSI-Modells Logical Link Control/Subnetwork Access Point, von der IEEE definierte Verpackung von Protokollen. The amount of activity on a network resource such as a router or link. Loss of Frame An event that occurs when two network devices are connected by more than one path, thereby causing packets to repeatedly cycle around the network and not reach their destination. Link Management Interface (auch: Local Management Interface) LMI wurde vom Frame Relay Forum vorgeschlagen. Loss of AU Pointer Loss of Signal Line Printer Daemon, . Unix-Software für das Drucken im Netzwerk Link-state advertisement. Broadcast packet used by link-state protocols that contains information about neighbors and path costs. LSAs are used by the receiving routers to maintain their routing tables. Sometimes called a link-state packet (LSP). License Service API (zum Softwarelizenz-Management) Lötstellenfreies Anlege-Werkzeug (punchdown tool) Link Support Layer Protokollmultiplexer, der die gleichzeitige Verwendung verschiedener Protokolle (IP. IPX, AppleTalk, etc.) auf einer Netzwerkarte gestattet. LANtern Services Manager link-state packet, s.a. LSA Logical Unit Media Access Control: Erste Unterebene der Datalink-Ebene des OSI-Modells Media Access Control address; also called hardware or physical address. A Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik Seite 13 von 23 MLT 3 MMF Modem MPC layer 2 address associated with a particular network device. Most devices that connect to a LAN have a MAC address assigned to them as they are used to identify other devices in a network. MAC addresses are 6 bytes long. The port in a resilient link that carries data traffic in normal operating conditions. Metropolitan Area Network, ein auf Stadtgebiet begrenztes Netz Manufacturing Automation Protocol, Standardisierungsvorschlag in der industriellen Fertigung zur Produktionsautomatisierung Mail Application Program Interface Messaging API (bei der Kommunikation in Mailsystemen) Multistation Access Unit, im Token-Ring-LAN Ringleitungsverteiler, an die Stationen angeschlossen werden. Medium Attachment Unit, unter IEEE 802.3: Transceiver und dessen Anschluss an das Ethernetkabel Megabit Megabyte Maximum Burst Size Micro Channel Architecture Multicolor Graphics Array Minimum Cell Rate Mean Cell Transfer Delay Main Distribution Facility Medium Dependent Interface. An Ethernet port connection where the transmitter of one device is connected to the receiver of another device. Medium Dependent Interface Cross-over. An Ethernet port connection where the internal transmit and receive lines are crossed. Message Handling Service, bei Novell ein Softwareprodukt, das den Nachrichtenaustausch von E-Mail-Systemen innerhalb eines LANs und zwischen verschiedenen LANs unterstützt. Message Handling System, elektronischer Nachrichtenaustausch (E-MailSysteme) gemäß CCITT-Empfehlungen X.400 Management Information Base: Eine MIB enthält die Beschreibung der in einem Netzwerk angeschlossenen Objekte und Funktionen, die verwaltet werden können. A collection of information about the management characteristics and parameters of a networking device. MIBs are used by the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to gather information about the devices on a network. The Switch contains its own internal MIB. Musical Instrumental Digital Interface Management Information File Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension Management Information Systems Multiple Link Interface Driver Spezifikation für NetWare-konforme Netzwerkartentreiber Multi Level Transmit 3: Signalkodierung mit 3 Stufen, Änderung bei „1“ Multi Mode Fibre (Multimode Glasfaser) Modulator - Demodulator MPOA-Client MPEG Motion Pictures Experts Group MPOA Multi Protocol Over ATM MPS MPOA-Server MPTS/2 Multi Protocol Transport Services für OS/2. Eine Sammlung von NDISTreibern für Netzwerkkarten und darauf aufbauenden Protokolltreibern. Die Netzwerkanwendungen Peer 1.0, LAN Requester und TCP/IP setzen auf MPTS/2 auf. MSAF MSVC MTA MTBF Multimedia Services Affiliate Forum (affiliate = aufnehmen) Meta-Signaling Virtual Channel Message Transfer Agent, in X.400 Meantime Between Failure main port MAN MAP MAPI MAPI MAU MAU Mb MB MBS MCA MCGA MCR MCTD MDF MDI MDI-X MHS MHS MIB MIDI MIF MIME MIS MLID Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik Multicast multicast filtering Multilink-PPP MVS n/a NACS NAEC NAL NAS NAS NASC NAT NAU NCB Seite 14 von 23 A packet sent to a specific group of endstations on a network. A system that allows a network device to only forward multicast traffic to an endstation if it has registered that it would like to receive that traffic. Multilink Point-to-Point-Protocol Verbindung über zwei Basiskanäle Multiple Virtual Storage not applicable (nicht anwendbar) NetWare Asynchronous Communications Server Novell Authorized Education Center Novell Application Launcher Network Attached Storage Network Application Support Novell Authorized Support Center Network Address Translation NAT führt ein One-to-One Mapping von internen auf externe IP-Adressen durch ( und umgekehrt). Voller Zugriff auf Rechner im Netz von außen bleibt gewährleistet. Multi-Internet kombiniert NAT mit PAT. Network Addressable Unit NetBIOS Control Block, Datenstruktur bei der Programmierung von NetBIOSKommunikation. NCP NetWare Core Protocol: Novells Protokoll der Kommunikation zwischen NetWare-Servern und –Clients, gesicherte Übertragung durch verbindungsorientierte Kommunikation. NDIS Network Driver Interface Specification: Einheitliche Softwareschnittstelle für Netzwerktreiber unter DOS und OS/2, von IBM, Microsoft und 3COM entwickelt. NDS NEST NetBEUI Novell Directory Services Novell Enhanced Support Training NetBIOS Extended User Interface; neuere Bezeichnung für das NetBIOSProtokoll im engeren Sinne, also das tatsächlich auf dem Transportmedium verwendete Protokoll. NetBIOS Network Basic Input/Output System: Transportprotokoll für Netzwerke, entwickelt von IBM. Im engeren Sinne: die zur Programmierung von NetBIOSKommunikation verwendete Programmierschnittstelle. Next Near End Cross Talk NFS Network File System: Netzwerkdateisystem in TCP/IP-Netzwerken, ursprünglich von Sun unter dem Namen ONC (Open Network Computing) entwickelt. NHRP NIC NIC Next Hop Resolution Protocol Network Information Center Network Interface Card: A circuit board installed in an endstation that allows it to be connected to a network. Novell Integrated Computing Architecture Network Information File. Informationsdatei, welche die Konfigurationsparameter für NDIS-Treiber beschreibt. NICA NIF N-ISDN NLM NLSP NMA NMS NNI Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Narrowband ISDN. Communication standards developed by the ITU-T for baseband networks. Based on 64-kbps B channels and 16- or 64-kbps D channels. Contrast with BISDN. See also BRI, ISDN, and PRI. NetWare Loadable Module NetWare Link-Services Protocol in Verbindung mit RIP zur Routenfindung bei IPX eingesetzt NetWare Management Agent Network Management System Network to Network Interface (auch: network-node interface, die Unterscheidung ist spitzfindig und nicht wichtig) Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik Seite 15 von 23 NNS NOS nrt-VBR NRU NSC/2 NetWare Name Service Network Operating System non-real time Variable Bit Rate Novell Reseller University Network Signon Coordinator für OS/2, Tool von IBM zur Synchronisation der Logons für mehrere Netzwerkbetriebssysteme beziehungsweise applikationen. NSE NSM NSP NTC NTS NTS/2 Network Support Encyclopedia NetWare Services Manager Network Service Provider Novell Technologie Centrum Novell Technical Support Network Transport Services für OS/2, Vorläufer von MPTS/2. NUI NUI NetWare Users International (Novell) Network User Identification, eine Kennung, die durch den Anbieter eines öffentlichen oder privaten Netzes an den Teilnehmer als Zugangsberechtigung vergeben wird. Die Telecom vergibt z.B. eine NUI für den Zugang zu einem PAD. Non Volatile Random Access Memory Nicht flüchtiger Speicher mit wahlfreiem Zugriff Novell Virtual Terminal Operation, Administration and Maintenance (M = Wartung, Instandhaltung) ATM mit 622 Mb/s (Optical Carrier) ATM mit 155 Mb/s Open Datalink Interface: Softwareschnittstelle für Netzwerktreiber für DOSund OS/2-Betriebssysteme (Novell). NVRAM NVT OAM OC12 OC3 ODI ODMA ODR OEM OLTP ONU OPT OS OSF OSI OSI-Modell OSPF OUI PABX PACE Packet switching PAD Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Open Document Management Application Program Interface On Demand stub Routes Kommando unter: Router(config)# router ? Original Equipment Manufacturer Online Transaction Processor Optical Network Unit optische Netzanschlusseinheit Open Protocol Technology Operating System Open Software Foundation Open System Interconnection Open Systems Interconnection; abstraktes Referenzmodell für Datenkommunikationsprotokolle. Es teilt die Kommunikation zwischen verschiedenen Rechnern in 7 Abstraktionsschichten ein, die verschiedene Aspekte der Kommunikation beschreiben. Open Shortest Path First, Routing-Potkoll, RFC 1583 Link-state, hierarchical IGP routing algorithm proposed as a successor to RIP in the Internet community. OSPF features include least-cost routing, multipath routing, and load balancing. OSPF was derived from an early version of the ISIS protocol. See also Enhanced IGRP, IGP, IGRP, IS-IS, and RIP. Organisation Unique Identifier verwendet beim SNAP-Datenrahmen Private Automatic Branch Exchange private automatische Nebenstellenanlage Priority Access Control Enabled. 3Com technology that allows Switch units to control the latency and jitter associated with transmitting multimedia traffic over Ethernet and Fast Ethernet. Packet switching - Networking method in which nodes share bandwidth with each other by sending packets. Compare with circuit switching and message switching. See also PSN (packet-switched network). Packet Assembly/Disassembly Facility, paketiert Daten für X.25-Protokoll und Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik PAP PAP/CHAP PAP PAT PBX PC PCI PCMCIA PCR PDH PDN PDP Peer-to-peer computing PIC PID PIM Pimf PING PLP PMP PNNI POA port trunk POSIX POST POTS PPP Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Seite 16 von 23 entpaketiert Daten vom X.25-Protokoll Password Authentication Protocol PAP - Password Authentication Protocol. Authentication protocol that allows PPP peers to authenticate one another. The remote router attempting to connect to the local router is required to send an authentication request. Unlike CHAP, PAP passes the password and host name or username in the clear (unencrypted). PAP does not itself prevent unauthorized access, but merely identifies the remote end. The router or access server then determines if that user is allowed access. PAP is supported only on PPP lines. Compare with CHAP. Sicherheit durch: Password Authentication Protocol in Verbindung mit Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol Printer Access Protocol Port Address Translation Alle Hosts in einem Netzwerk werden nach außen auf eine gültige externe IPAdresse abgebildet. Sämtliche Rechner im Netzwerk werden hinter der einen sichtbaren IP_Adresse versteckt (Firewall). Private Branch Exchange (Telefon) Personal Computer Protocol control information. Control information added to user data to comprise an OSI packet. The OSI equivalent of the term header. See also header. Personal Computer Memory Card International Association Peak Cell Rate (Spitzenzellrate) Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy Public Data Network Professional Developers' Program Peer-to-peer computing calls for each network device to run both client and server portions of an application. Also describes communication between implementations of the same OSI reference model layer in two different network devices. Compare with client-server computing. Product Information Course Protocol Identifier Personal Information Manager Pair in metal foil Verdrilltes Kupferkabel mit einer Schirmfolie um jedes einzelne Paar, ergänzt durch ein Schirmgeflecht, das die Gesamtheit der foliengeschirmten Paare umschließt. Packet Internet Groper Packet level protocol. Network layer protocol in the X.25 protocol stack. Sometimes called X.25 Level 3 or X.25 Protocol. See also X.25. Point to Multi-Point Punkt-zu-Mehrpunkt Private Network to Network Interface Post Office Agent Eine Verbindung, z.B. zwischen Switches, die aus aus bis zu 4 parallelen Verbindungen bestehen kann. Cisco-Bezeichnung: Ether Channel, Fast Ether Channel, Giga Ether Channel Portable Operating System Interface for UNIX Power On Self Test. An internal test that a Switch carries out when it is powered-up. Plain Old Telephone Service einfacher, herkömmlicher Fernsprechdienst Point-to-Point-Protocol: RFC 1661, RFC 1332 Netzwerkprotokoll für WAN-Verbindungen zur Verbindung von TCP/IPNetzwerken über serielle Kommunikationsverbindungen (Modem, ISDN (ein BKanal)). PPP - Point-to-Point Protocol. A successor to SLIP, PPP provides router-to-router and host-to-network connections over synchronous and asynchronous circuits. See also SLIP. Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik Seite 17 von 23 PPP runs on the following types of WAN physical interfaces: Asynchronous serial ISDN Synchronous serial PPTP PRI Privileged mode PRMD PROFS PROM protocol PSNEXT PU PVC PVC QBE QIC QoS Queue RAID RAM RARP RCS RDBMS RDI Reliability Point-To-Point Tunneling Protocol Primary Rate Interface. ISDN interface to primary rate access. Primary rate access consists of a single 64-Kbps D channel plus 23 (T1) or 30 (E1) B channels for voice or data. Compare to BRI. See also BISDN, ISDN, and N-ISDN. Cisco Router: Typical tasks include those that change the router configuration. Private Management Domain, umfasst mindestens einen MTA und einen oder mehrere UAs in X.400. Professional Offce System Programmable Read-Only Memory A set of rules for communication between devices on a network. The rules dictate format, timing, sequencing and error control. Power Sum Near End Cross Talk Physical Unit, (LU 6.2) im SNA-Netz Permanent Virtual Connections, ist eine Verbindung, die durch einen externen Mechanismus, typisch das Netzwerkmanagement, aufgesetzt wird. Das Setzen der Switches zwischen einer ATM-Quelle und einem ATM-Ziel wird durch Programmierung mit geeigneten VPI/VCI-Werten bewirkt. Manuelle Eingriffe sind erforderlich. Permanent Virtual Circuit (in Verbindung mit Frame Relay) In frühen Frame Relay-Implementationen musste ein Router (DTE) für jeden PVC ein eigenes serielles WAN-Interface haben. Query by Example Quarter Inch Cartridge Drive Standards Quality of Service 1.) Generally, an ordered list of elements waiting to be processed. 2.) In routing, a backlog of packets waiting to be forwarded over a router interface. Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks, Redundant Array of Independant Disks Random Access Memory, Schreib- Lesespeicher Reverse Address Resolution Protocol Resource Construction Set Relational DBMS Remote Defect Indication Ratio of expected to received keepalives from a link. If the ratio is high, the line is reliable. Used as a routing metric. Remote Access Zugriff einer physikalisch nicht im Netzwerk verkabelten Station auf das Netzwerk per Wähl- oder Standleitung repeater A simple device that regenerates LAN traffic so that the transmission distance of that signal can be extended. Repeaters are used to connect two LANs of the same network type. A pair of ports that can be configured so that one takes over data transmission should the other fail. See also main port and standby port. Request For Comment Ring Indicator, ankommender Ruf Routing Information Protocol IGP supplied with UNIX BSD systems. The most common IGP in the Internet. RIP uses hop count as a routing metric. See also Enhanced IGRP, hop count, IGP, IGRP, and OSPF. Réseau IP Européen europäisches IP-Netzwerk zuständig zur IP-Adressvergabe in Europa, in Deutschland ca. 6 Institutionen, z.B. DTAG, DFN, XLINK (Karlsruhe), NIC (Network Information Center) an der Uni Karlsruhe resilient link RFC RI RIP RIPE Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik Seite 18 von 23 RISC RJ12 Reduced Instruction Set Computer Standardbuchse für serielle Verkabelung (Western-Buchse) RJ-45 RJE RLL Registered Jack-45 Remote Job Entry Radio in Local Loop Funk im Teilnehmeranschlussbereich Run Length Limited, Codierungsverfahren für Festplatten Resource Location Protocol Remote Management Facility IETF Remote Monitoring MIB: A MIB that allows you to remotely monitor LANs by addressing up to nine different groups of information. umherwandern; bezeichnet ein technisches Verfahren, das bei überlappenden Funkfeldern den bestmöglichen Empfang sicherstellt Read Only Memory; Lesespeicher RLL RLP RMF RMON roaming ROM Router Routing Loop Routing Metrics Components roving analysis RPC RPS RS 232 RS 422 RS 423 RSVP rt-VBR RTP A device that provides WAN links between geographically separate networks. Route where packets never reach their destination, but simply cycle repeatedly through a constant series of network nodes. Internetwork Delay, Bandwith, Reliability, Load A system that allows you to copy the traffic from one port on a Switch to another port on the Switch. Roving analysis is used when you want to monitor the physical characteristics of a LAN segment without changing the characteristics by attaching a monitoring device. Remote Procedure Call (zur Unterstützung von Client-Server-Applikationen) RPC - Remote-procedure call. Technological foundation of client-server computing. RPCs are procedure calls that are built or specified by clients and executed on servers, with the results returned over the network to the clients. See also client-server computing. Redundant Power System. A device that provides a backup source of power when connected to a Switch. RS 232 ist eine von EIA (Electronics Industries Association) definierte Schnittstelle zwischen Datenübertragungs- und Datenend-Einrichtungen für den seriellen, digitalen und binären Datenaustausch, V.24 / V.28 Standard für serielle Differenzial-Schnittstelle für symmetrische Datenübertragung, V.11, X.27 RS-422 - Balanced electrical implementation of EIA/TIA-449 for high-speed data transmission. Now referred to collectively with RS-423 as EIA-530. See also EIA-530 and RS-423. Standard für serielle Differenzial-Schnittstelle für asymmetrische Datenübertragung, V.10, X.26 RS-423 - Unbalanced electrical implementation of EIA/TIA-449 for EIA/TIA-232 compatibility. Now referred to collectively with RS-422 as EIA-530. See also EIA-530 and RS-422. Resource Reservation Protocol (RFC 2205) real time Variable Bit Rate Real Time-Protocol (RFC 1889), Transportprotokoll für Echtzeitanwendungen, das in UDP und IP verpackt wird. Es beinhaltet keine Bandbreitenreservierung oder keinen Quality of Service, ermöglicht aber auch Point-toMultipointverbindungen RTS Request to Send; Modemkontrollsignal (Sendeteil einschalten) RxD SAA Received Data Systems Application Architecture, allgemeine Regeln für IBM-Rechnerwelt, z.B. einheitliches Userinterface, einheitliche Kommunikations- und Programmschnittstellen Storage Area Network Service Advertising Protocol, von Novell definierte Schnittstelle, um Software anderer Hersteller in eine NetWare-Umgebung einzubinden. Speech Application Program Interface SAN SAP SAPI Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik SBK SCO SCR SCSI ScTP SDH SDK SDLC SDMA segment server SES SFT S-FTP SLIP SMB Seite 19 von 23 System Builder's Kit Santa Cruz Operation Sustained Cell Rate (durchschnittliche Zellrate) Small Computer System Interface Screened Twisted Pair Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Software Development Kit Synchronous Data Link Control, bitorientiertes Übertragungsprotokoll in SNANetzwerken (IBM) zur Verbindungssteuerung. Space-Division Mutiple Access A section of a LAN that is connected to the rest of the network using a switch or bridge. A computer in a network that is shared by multiple endstations. Servers provide endstations with access to shared network services such as computer files and printer queues. Strategic Engineering Support System Fault Tolerance Screened Foiled Twisted Pair Verdrilltes Kupferkabel mit einer Schirmfolie, die die Gesamtheit aller Paare umschließt in Kombination mit einem Schirmgeflecht, das die Folie leitend umschließt. Serial Line Internet Protocol: älteres Protokoll zur Verbindung von TCP/IPNetzwerken über serielle Kommunikationsverbindungen. A protocol that allows IP to run over a serial line (console port) connection. SLIP - Serial Line Internet Protocol. A protocol standard which defines a sequence of characters that frame IP packets on a serial line. Predecessor of PPP. See also CSLIP and PPP. Server Message Block [Protocol]; Protokoll für Datei-, Druck- und andere Serverdienste im Netzwerk. (Zusammenstellen und Abschicken der Pakete in IBM-Umgebung) SMBP Server Message Block Protocol; Protokoll für Datei-, Druck- und andere Serverdienste im Netzwerk. (Zusammenstellen und Abschicken der Pakete in IBM-Umgebung) SMDS SMF SMF S/MIME SMP SMTP Switched Multi-Megabit Data Service Standard Message Format Single Mode Fibre (Monomode oder Einmoden-Glasfaser) Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension Symmetrisches Multiprocessing Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, TCP/IP-Anwendung für den einffachen Austausch von Nachrichten Systems Network Architecture Familie von im IBM-Großrechnerbereich verwendeten Netzwerkprotokollen. SNA SNADS SNMP SNR Systems Network Architecture Distribution Services Simple Network Management Protocol: Ein Protokoll aus der TCP/IP-Welt zum Transport von Managementinformationen. Zu den Bestandteilen eines SNMP-basierenden Mangementsystems zählen ein Agent, ein Manager sowie eine MIB. The current IETF standard protocol for managing devices on an TCP/IP network. Signal to Noise Ratio Sockets Mit BSD Unix eingeführte Softwareschnittstelle zur Interprozesskommunikation. über TCP/IP auch im Netzwerk möglich. SOHO SONET Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Small Office / Home Office Synchronous Optical Network A bridge-based system for providing fault tolerance on networks. STP works by allowing you to implement parallel paths for network traffic, and ensure that redundant paths are disabled when the main paths are operational and enabled if the main paths fail. Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik SPF SPG SPID SPX SPX Seite 20 von 23 Shortest path first algorithm. Routing algorithm that iterates on length of path to determine a shortest-path spanning tree. Commonly used in link-state routing algorithms. Sometimes called Dijkstra's algorithm. See also link state routing algorithm. Service Protocol Gateway Service Profile Identifier Sequenced Packet Exchange, unter NetWare ein Ende-zu-Ende-Protokoll auf Ebene 4 des OSI-Modells Secured Packet Exchange, auf IPX aufbauendes Protokoll für gesicherte Netzwerkkommunikation. SQL Structured Query Language, Abfrage- und Manipulations-Sprache für relationale Datenbanken. SRP Spatial Reuse Protocol (spatial reuse = räumliche Mehrfachausnutzung) Signaling System number 7 Spectro Server Application Program Interface (proprietäre Schnittstelle innerhalb Spectrum) Secure Socket Layer (Netscape) in Verbindung mit dem Tunneln von Daten im Internet A group of network devices that are integrated to form a single logical device, The port in a resilient link that takes over data transmission if the main port in the link fails. Route that is explicitly configured and entered into the routing table. Static routes take precedence over routes chosen by dynamic routing protocols. Synchronous Transport Module level 1 Synchronous Transport Module level N Software Testing Program Shielded Twisted Pair Siehe Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). Synchronous Transport Signal Network that has only a single connection to a router. Screened Unshielded Twisted Pair Verdrilltes Kupferkabel mit einem Schirmgeflecht, das die Gesamtheit aller Paare umschließt. Switched Virtual Connections, werden automatisch durch das Signalprotokoll gesetzt. Sie erfordern keinen manuellen Eingriff. Alle Protokolle der höheren Schichten, die über ATM arbeiten, benutzen SVCs. UNIX System V Release 4.2 A device that interconnects several LANs to form a single logical LAN that comprises of several LAN segments. Switches are similar to bridges, in that they connect LANs of a different type; however they connect more LANs than a bridge and are generally more sophisticated. A database that is stored by a switch to determine if a packet should be forwarded, and which port should forward the packet if it is to be forwarded. Simplex, Datenübertragung in nur eine Richtung. ISDN interface to primary rate access. Primary rate access consists of a single 64-Kbps D channel plus 23 (T1) B channels for voice or data. Compare to BRI. See also E1, PRI, BISDN, ISDN, and N-ISDN. T1 - Digital WAN carrier facility. T1 transmits DS-1-formatted data at 1.544 Mbps through the telephone-switching network, using AMI or B8ZS coding. Compare with E1. See also AMI, B8ZS, and DS-1. T3 - Digital WAN carrier facility. T3 transmits DS-3-formatted data at 44.736 Mbps through the telephone switching network. Compare with E3. See also DS-3. TA - Terminal adapter - Device used to connect ISDN BRI connections to existing interfaces such as EIA/TIA-232. Essentially, an ISDN modem. Telephony Application Programming Interface (Telephony API) Terrabyte Terminal Controller Module; Kommunikationsserver mit eigenem Speicher und Prozessor SS7 SSAPI SSL stack standby port Static route STM-1 STM-N STP STP STP STS Stub network S-UTP SVC SVR4.2 switch Switch Database sx T1 T3 TA TAPI TB TCM Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik TCP TCP/IP TCPBEUI TDMA TDMC Telnet TES TFTP TIC Ticks TIDB TIFF TLI TLSP TOS-Feld TP4 TQM traffic prioritization Trailer Transcend TS TSA TSO TSPI TSR TTS TxD UA UAA UBR UDP UMTS Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Seite 21 von 23 Transmission Control Protocol Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Die Protokollfamilie ermöglicht die Kommunikation zwischen verschiedenen Rechnerwelten. Weit verbreitetes Transportprotokoll für Netzwerke, insbesondere das im Internet verwendete Protokoll. This is the name for two of the most well-known protocols developed for the interconnection of networks. Originally a UNIX standard, TCP/IP is now supported on almost all platforms, and is the protocol of the Internet. TCP relates to the content of the data travelling through a network – ensuring that the information sent arrives in one piece when it reaches its destination. IP relates to the address of the endstation to which data is being sent, as well as the address of the destination network. Einkapselung von NetBIOS-Kommunikation in TCP/IP (Dieser Kunstname wurde in Analogie zu NetBEUI gewählt). Time Division Multiple Access Zeitmultiplex-Zugriffsverfahren Time Division Multiplexed Circuits Telnet Protocol: Ein Terminalemulations-Protokoll, das in TCP/IP standardmäßig integriert ist. Es erlaubt einem Rechner, sich in einen anderen Remote-Rechner einzuloggen. A TCP/IP application protocol that provides a virtual terminal service, letting a user log into another computer system and access a device as if the user were connected directly to the device. Terminal Emulation Service Trivial File Transfer Protocol. Allows you to transfer files (such as software upgrades) from a remote device using the local management capabilities of the Switch. Token-Ring Interface Coupler The delay on a data link using IBM PC clock ticks (approximately 55 milliseconds). Technical Information Database Tagged Image File Format Transport Layer Interface Transport Layer Security Protocol, Internet Draftstandard zum sicheren Tunneln von Daten im Internet, an SSL von Netscape orientiert Type Of Service-Feld OSI-verbindungsorientiertes Protokoll auf der Transportebene 4 Total Quality Management, Sicherungskonzept für die Bereitstellung aufgabengerechter Software und wegen des geschäftskritischen Charakters auch ein Mittel zur Wettbewerbssicherung A system which allows data that has been assigned a high priority to be forwarded through a switch without being obstructed by other data. Ethernet Standard: IEEE 802.1P Control information appended to data when encapsulating the data for network transmission. Compare with header. The 3Com umbrella management system used to manage all of 3Com’s networking solutions. Terminal Station Endstelle Technical Support Alliance Time Sharing Option TAPI Service Provider Interface Terminate and Stay Resident Transaction Tracking System Transmit Data User Agent, in X.400 Universally Administered Address. Eine in jedem Netzwerkadapter eingebrannte, weltweit eindeutige Adapteradresse (12 Hexstellen = 6 Bytes). Unspecified Bit Rate (nicht spezifizierte Bitrate) User Datagram Protocol, ist Bestandteil von TCP/IP, ARPA und NFS und erlaubt das Versenden von Datagrammen auf Ebene 4. Universal Mobile Telecommunication System0000000000000 Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik UNI Unicast UPS URL User mode USL USV UTP V.24 V.35 V5.1 V5.2 VADD VAP VAR VBR VC VCI VDSL VGA VHDSL VIAA VLAN VLAN tagging VLT VMS VMS/CMS VP VPI VPN VT VTAM WAN WBEM WNIM WORM WOSA WYSIWYG X.21 Seite 22 von 23 User Network Interface, vom ATM-Forum festgelegte Schnittstellenspezifikation zwischen ATM-Endsystem und -Switch. A packet sent to a single endstation on a network. Uninterruptible Power Supply Uniform Resource Locators RFC 1738 Cisco Router: Typical tasks include those that check the router status. In this mode, router configuration changes are not allowed. UNIX Systems Laboratories, Inc. Unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgung Unshielded Twisted Pair ITU-T standard for a physical layer interface between DTE and DCE. V.24 is essentially the same as the EIA/TIA-232 standard. See also EIA/TIA-232. ITU-T standard describing a synchronous, physical layer protocol used for communications between a network access device and a packet network. V.35 is most commonly used in the United States and in Europe, and is recommended for speeds up to 48 Kbps. offene Schnittstelle (ohne Konzentration) offene Schnittstelle (mit Konzentration) Value-Added Disk Driver, zum Einbinden von Treibern für Festplatten und Festplattencontrollern von Fremdherstellern für NetWare. Value-Added Process Value-Added Reseller Variable Bit Rate Virtual Channel Virtual Channel Identifier Very high-speed Digital Subscriber Line digitaler Teilnehmeranschluss mit sehr hoher Bitrate Video Graphics Array Very High Bitrate Digital Subscriber Line Virtual ATM API Virtual LAN: Standard nach IEEE 802.1Q: A group of location- and topologyindependent devices that communicate as if they are on the same physical LAN. A system that allows traffic for multiple VLANs to be carried on a single link. Virtual LAN Trunk. A Switch-to-Switch link that carries traffic for all the VLANs on each Switch. (3Com proprietär) Virtual Memory System, DEC-Betriebssystem Virtual Machine/Conversational Monitor System Virtual Path Virtual Path Identifier Virtual Private Networks Virtual Terminal, OSI-Applikation auf der Ebene 7, die eine remote TerminalEmulation unterstützt. Virtual Telecommunications Access Method, Software von IBM, die im SNANetzwerk das Management der Kommunikationsverbindungen übernimmt. Wide Area Network: Weitverkehrsnetz Web.Based Enterprise Management Wide Area Network Interface Module Write once, read multiple Windows Open Services Architecture (Konzept zur Anpassung der Diensteanbieter, Service Provider, an die Applikation) What you see is what you get ITU-T standard for serial communications over synchronous digital lines. The X.21 protocol is used primarily in Europe and Japan. X11 Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 Das X Window System (kurz X11 für die Version 11) ist eine am MIT entwickelte grafische Benutzeroberfläche für Unix-Systeme. Es verfügt über eine Client/Server-Architektur: X-Programme (die Clients) können über eine Abkürzungen aus der Netzwerktechnik Seite 23 von 23 TCP/IP-Verbindung ihre Daten auf einem anderen Rechner (dem Server) anzeigen. X.25 XML XNS XPG3 X-Window-Terminal Eck, 75880807, 5/13/2016 X.25 - ITU-T standard that defines how connections between DTE and DCE are maintained for remote terminal access and computer communications in PDNs (Public Data Networks). X.25 specifies LAPB, a data link layer protocol, and PLP, a network layer protocol. Frame Relay has to some degree superseded X.25. See also Frame Relay, LAPB, and PLP. Extended Mark-up Language Xerox Network System, Transportprotokolle der Ebenen 3 und 4 alternativ zu TCP/IP eingesetzt. X/OPEN Portability Guide, Issue 3 grafikorientierte Terminals, die unter dem X-Window-Protokoll laufen
