Modal Verbs (Modalverben und ihre Ersatzformen)

Modal Verbs (Modalverben und ihre Ersatzformen)
Modalverben sind Verben wie dürfen, können, mögen, müssen, sollen, wollen. Sie drücken
eine Fähigkeit, eine Erlaubnis, einen Wunsch usw. auf eine Tätigkeit aus. (Ich kann, darf, will
schwimmen.) Im Englischen können Modalverben oft nicht in allen Zeitformen verwendet
werden. Deshalb müssen wir die Ersatzformen kennen.
Modalverb Übersetzung
Ersatzform
must
müssen
to have to
must not
can
may
need
need not
nicht dürfen
können,fähig
sein
dürfen
brauchen,
müssen
nicht müssen
shall / should/
sollen
ought to
not to be allowed to
Beispielsatz
I must swim. = I have to swim.
I must not swim. = I am not allowed to
swim.
to be able to
I can swim. = I am able to swim.
to be allowed to
I may swim. = I am allowed to swim.
to have to
I need to swim. = I have to swim.
not to have to
to be supposed to / to
be expected to / to be
to
I need not swim. = I don't have to swim.
I shall / should / ought to swim. = I am
supposed to swim. / I am expected to
swim. / I am to swim.
MODAL VERBS
Modal VERB
CAN
I can come
I could come
Present
Past
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Future I
Conditional I
I could come
Conditional II I could have
come
MAY
Present
I may come
Past
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Future
Conditional I
Imay come
Conditional II I may have come
MUST
Present
I must come
Past
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Future
Conditional I
Conditional II
SHALL
Present
I shall come
Past
I should come
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Future
Conditional I
Conditional II I should have
NEGATION
CANNOT/ CAN’T
I cannot come
I could not come
I could not come
I could not have come
MUST NOT
I must not come
I might not come
I might not have come
NEED NOT
I need not come
SHALL NOT
I shall not
I should not
I should not have
SUBSTITUTE
TO BE ABLE TO DO
I am able to come
I was able
I have ben able
I had been able
I will be able
I would be able
I would have been able
TO BE ALLOWED
I am allowed
I was allowed
I have been allowed
I had been allowed
I will be allowed
I would be allowed
I would have been allowed
TO HAVE TO
I have to come
I had to
I have had to
I had had to
I will have to
I would have to
I would have had to
TO BE TO DO
I am to come
I was to e
I have been to
I had been to
I will be to
I would be to
I would have been to
Modal Verbs haben keinen Infinitiv, kein3.Pers.Sg. ‘s’, kein Past Participle, keine -ing
Form und bilden die Frage und Verneinung ohne ‘ to do’.
iliary-verbs